From: Direct Bioprinting of Vessel-Like Tubular Microfluidic Channels Date of download: 1/22/2018 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Direct Bioprinting of Vessel-Like Tubular Microfluidic Channels J. Nanotechnol. Eng. Med. 2013;4(2):020902-020902-7. doi:10.1115/1.4024398 Figure Legend: Embedding microfluidic channels in bulk hydrogels. (a) alginate microfluidic channel embedded in bulk alginate displayed well-defined structure, and was able to transport media smoothly without any swirling formation (arrows indicate media flow direction); (b) two layers of alginate channels with multidirectional media perfusion (flow) (with red and green food dye); (c) alginate microfluidic channel embedded in bulk chitosan displayed well-defined pattern but ruptures were observed at respective locations along channels (circled sections), and (d) chitosan-microfluidic structure failed to transport media smoothly due to disrupted channels.