BELLWORK: 1/16 Why did English civilians migrate to the New World? Why did the British government tax the colonists? What does “no taxation without representation” mean? What does Thomas Paine argue in Common Sense? How did it influence the American Revolution? (494) THINKER: What is a militia? Why are militias used? When you are done with bellwork, finish labeling your map of the Americas. Use pgs. 916-918!

Map of the Americas 35 countries total! Central America – 8 South America – 13 Caribbean – 14 Map Quiz on Friday 1/19!!!!

Bahamas, Cuba, Jamaica, Haiti, DR, PR, Virgin Islands, Guadeloupe, Dominica, Martinique, St. Lucia, Barbados, T&T, Curacao

Thomas Paine’s Common Sense Published anonymously in January 1776 Presented American colonists with an argument for freedom from the British at a time when the question of seeking independence was still undecided Paine wrote and reasoned in a style that the commoner could understand Increased colonial unity, understanding of common goals and desire to seek independence. Why do you think it was called “common sense?”

Causes of the American Revolution As the king continued to implement taxes, martial law and oppressive rule, revolution became more likely. The desire to fight for independence started in Boston, MA…… why? Widespread boycotts More politically radical More defiant of British laws British military occupation Wealthy due to trade; did not want to share this wealth with the British! Openly defiant of British taxes

Causes of the American Revolution Causes & Effects

Unrest in Boston: Review flow chart In order to enforce new laws (like the Declaratory Act), Britain sent soldiers to the new colonies. Boston became the center of conflict between the colonists (Patriots/Rebels) and British (Tories/Loyalists) Boston Massacre: On March 5, 1770, a squad of British soldiers were harassed by a Boston crowd, eventually leading to gunfire and five American deaths.

“The Destruction of Tea at Boston Harbor” by: Nathan Currier, 1846 Unrest in Boston Britain responded by implementing the Tea Act Increased the tax on tea Could ONLY buy tea from British companies Increased punishment for illegal trade or smuggling tea Boston Tea Party: colonists snuck onto tea ships and dumped the chests of tea into the harbor. (5/10/1773) “The Destruction of Tea at Boston Harbor” by: Nathan Currier, 1846

British Response to Tea Party “Intolerable Acts” Closed Boston Harbor until all tea was repaid Reasserted control in MA Quartering Act How did colonists respond to this?

First Continental Congress September 5, 1774 Unite all colonies against Great Britain Organized boycotts Argued they should have right to make laws in the colonies Try compromise Agreed to meet again if things did not improve

First Continental Congress

Review: Causes of British American Colonial Conflict

From Colonists to Rebel Patriots As the problems with the British government & economy continued, colonists desired more independence. Eventually, the desire for reform will lead to a revolution! Today, we are going to watch the episode “Rebels” from the series America, the Story of Us. It focuses on events leading to the Revolution - from migration to the colonies, colonial protests, conflict with British soldiers, and the beginning of the Revolution. These are important topics pertaining to the independence of the U.S. so make sure you are paying attention and following along! Answer all 22 questions on the worksheet. These will be your notes!

BELLWORK: BLOCK 2 What role did Africans play in shaping the English colonies? List three problems colonists encountered while living in the English colonies. Why did conflict start in Boston? What was decided at the First Continental Congress? THINKER: Make a prediction  What are the advantages/disadvantages of the colonial army?

“The Shot Heard Around the World” On April 19, 1775, 700 British soldiers marched towards Concord (outside of Boston.) At Lexington, they encountered 70 American militia; leaving 8 dead - the British soldiers continued to Concord At Concord, fighting between the two forces broke out. (American militia now 500 men) By the time the British soldiers reached Boston, there were 273 British casualties and 88 American casualties.

Second Continental Congress May 10, 1775 Congress tried one final compromise with Britain. King George refused. Organized an army under George Washington. Discussed military strategy. Began drafting the United States Declaration of Independence Congress acted as the first legitimate American government.

If Britain tried to compromise, do you think colonists could have avoided revolution? Were there any alternative options or was war imminent? Explain! "Washington Crossing the Delaware" by Emanuel Leutze

"Yes, we must, indeed, all hang together, or most assuredly we shall all hang separately." Benjamin Franklin at the signing of the Declaration of Independence; 1776

Birth of a New Nation Read about the ending and effects of the American Revolution and complete your worksheet! Be ready to discuss!

Friday January 19th No bellwork today! Take the first few minutes to study for your map quiz, we will start shortly! Once you are done with the map quiz, continue working on your Effects of the Revolution note worksheet. Be ready to discuss the ending/effects of the American Revolution!