The New Zealand Wars and their Aftermath Introduction

TOPIC OUTLINE Part A: COMPETING ASSERTIONS OF SOVEREIGNTY 1840's TO 1870's 1. Pakeha Assertions of Sovereignty Through the Governors 1840s. 2. Maori Assertions of Rangatiratanga Through War in the 1840's (A) The Wairau Affray 1843 (B) The war in the North 1845-46 3. Pakeha Assertions of Sovereignty Through The Constitution and the Creation of Settler Government in the 1850s 4. Maori Assertions of Rangatiratanga Through the King Movement (Kingitanga) in the 1850s 5. Maori and Pakeha Assertions of Sovereignty Through War 1860-72 6. Pakeha Assertions of Sovereignty Through Law

Part B: NEW METHODS IN THE PURSUIT OF MANA 1872-1890s 1. Historiography 2. Maori Responses Within The System (A) Maori M.P.s- Kupapa Chiefs (B) Repudiation Movement 3. Maori Responses Outside the System (A) The Repudiation Movement (B) The Prophetic Movements (C) Petitions and Conferences (D) Kingitanga (E) Kotahitanga

REFERENCES 1. Belich I. The New Zealand Wars 2. Binney I, Basset I, Olssen E, As Illustrated History Of New Zealand 3. Broodingly Milestones 4. Miller, H New Zealand chapter pp60-72 5. N.Z. Heritage PP. 673-8, 679-89, 813-23, 925-30,981-990 6. Simpson, T. Te Riri Pakeha Chapt. 5 7. Sinclair, K. The Origins of the Maori Wars Chaptslo, 14 and 17 8. Sinclair K. A- Histow of New Zealand Chapt. 6 9. Oliver W. H. (Ed.) Oxford History Of NZ Chapt. 7 10. Ward, A A Show of Justice Chapts 7-11

Pakeha Assertions of Sovereignty Through the Governors 1840s. Examples: Who were the Governors? H/out 1. The crown acted through the Governor and Hobson was instructed to obtain ‘waste land’ from Maori. To Maori however there was no such thing as ‘waste land’. Hobson did not obtain any but settler demands for him to do so upset Maori

2. Pre 1840 land claims were investigated by the newly appointed land commissioner, William Spain. If the land claims over 2,560 acres and it was found land had been unfairly purchased 2,560 acres returned and the crown claimed the rest. This upset Maori as in the Treaty Hobson & Busby assured all land unjustly held would be returned to Maori.

3. Maori concerns also roused when it became clear that crown was sole purchaser of land. This allowed crown to buy land cheap from Maori and sell for a profit. Maori chiefs argued the Treaty guaranteed chiefly authority and all British rights and privileges. They felt no better than slaves who did not have disposal of their own lands. Governor Fitzroy stopped crowns right of ‘pre-emption due to pressure form both Maori and Pakeha. Governor Grey restored it later. (Details of land sales- see handout)

Maori Control of their Resources of the Land Nov 1841 Hobson, acting to protect Kauri forests, issued a proclamation forbidding felling. Maori outraged by encroachment on both their authority and an important source of revenue.

Imposition of customs duties Maori objected to the imposition of Customs Duties on shipping for similar reasons to the above Previously Port Fees had gone to the local chiefs- eg Hongi Hika

Application of Law 1842 a murderer, Maketu, tried and hung according to British law Raised issues for Maori about recognition given their customs and values and relationship to British law Many saw they had little influence over system of legal authority beginning to be exercised in NZ

Maori Assertions of Rangatiratanga Through War in the 1840's (A) The Wairau Affray 1843 Pg 89-90 Olsen& Stenson- make notes ‘Glimpses’ - pg 28 – quests 1-10 (B) The war in the North 1845-46 Video – NZ Wars