Cell Structure and Function Lesson 3 pgs. 24-36 Cell Structure and Function

-Nice neat notes that are legible and use indentations when appropriate. -Example of indent. -Skip a line between topics -Don’t skip pages -Make visuals clear and well drawn. Please label. Nucleus DNA / Nucleoid Prokaryotic Pili Eukaryotic Flagella

RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded or highlighted in your science book. You will see an image of a page in your book when it is necessary to highlight! BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow directions, complete projects as described and answer required questions neatly. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise your hand as soon as you see him. He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

“Hoot, Hoot” “Good Luck!” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

What are the characteristics of eukaryotic cells? (pg. 26) Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, including a nucleus A cell’s STRUCTURE is the arrangement of its parts A cell’s FUNCTION is the activity the parts carry out

The following organelles are found in both plant AND animal cells! We are now going to go from the middle of the cell to the cell membrane. The following organelles are found in both plant AND animal cells! Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

T The Nucleus An organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains the cell’s genetic material, DNA Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Largest organelle in the cell (dark spot) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Nucleus

The BRAIN of a CELL! Directs all cellular activities Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Contains genetic information (DNA) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Mitochondria (pg. 28) Organisms need energy Cells get energy by breaking down food using a process called cellular respiration Cellular respiration occurs in the Mitochondria! Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Have two membranes. (pg. 28) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Have two membranes. (pg. 28) F F F Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Have two membranes. (pg. 28) F orm F F Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

F orm F ollows F Have two membranes. (pg. 28) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

F orm F ollows F unction Have two membranes. (pg. 28) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The inner membrane has folds which increase surface area where cellular respiration occurs. (pg. 28) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The inner membrane has folds which increase surface area where cellular respiration occurs. (pg. 28) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The inner membrane has folds which increase surface area where cellular respiration occurs. (pg. 28) orm F F Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The inner membrane has folds which increase surface area where cellular respiration occurs. (pg. 28) orm F ollows F Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The inner membrane has folds which increase surface area where cellular respiration occurs. (pg. 28) orm F ollows F unction Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Ribosomes (pg. 28) Organelle that makes proteins using instructions encoded in the cell’s DNA Proteins control most chemical reactions and provide structural support for cells and tissues Almost all cells have ribosomes, which are the smallest organelles Do not have a membrane Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Each cell contains thousands. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Each cell contains thousands. F F F Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

F orm F F Each cell contains thousands. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

F orm F ollows F Each cell contains thousands. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

F orm F ollows F unction Each cell contains thousands. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Composes 25% of cell's mass. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Most are embedded in rough endoplasmic reticulum Most are embedded in rough endoplasmic reticulum. Some free in cytoplasm. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Miniature protein factories (Protein synthesis). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Miniature protein factories (Protein synthesis). Proteins are very important to our cells and body. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Pg. 29 A system of membranes near the nucleus Assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins ER is either smooth or rough Rough ER has ribosomes attached to its membrane, while the smooth ER does not Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Start Student to use a laser pointer to complete the maze without stopping (Must be moving forward) / making a mistake / having to back track. You will be given ten seconds to study the maze. Finish

Start Finish

Start Finish

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (R.E.R. for short) - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

F F F Maze-like network fused to nuclear membrane. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

F orm F F Maze-like network fused to nuclear membrane. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

F orm F ollows F Maze-like network fused to nuclear membrane. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

F orm F ollows F unction Maze-like network fused to nuclear membrane. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Goes from nucleus to cell membrane. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Stores, separates, and serves as cell's transport system. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Ribosomes attach to and make proteins. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Ribosomes attach to and make proteins. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which color represents the Smooth E.R.?

Which color represents the Smooth E.R.?

Smooth E.R. - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Makes lipids (fats)

Makes lipids (fats) and steriods.

Regulates calcium production.

Synthesizes carbohydrates.

Detoxifies drugs. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Detoxifies drugs. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Stores important enzymes Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Nucleus

Nucleus

Nucleolus Nucleus

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores

Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores

Endoplasmic reticulum Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores Endoplasmic reticulum

Endoplasmic reticulum Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores Ribosomes Endoplasmic reticulum

Endoplasmic reticulum Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores Protein Synthesis Ribosomes Endoplasmic reticulum

Endoplasmic reticulum Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nuclear Pores Protein Synthesis Ribosomes Endoplasmic reticulum

Golgi Complex (pg. 29) Membrane-bound organelle that packages and distributes materials Material gets enclosed in a piece of the membrane that pinches off to form a bubble, or vesicle Vesicle transports its contents to other parts of the cell or out of the cell Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Protein packaging plant Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Sends vesicles of molecules to destination in cell. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Sends vesicles of molecules to destination in cell. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Composed of numerous layers Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Composed of numerous layers Incoming Vesicle Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Outgoing Vesicles Composed of numerous layers Incoming Vesicle Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Enzymes and contents of lysosomes are made here. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which letter is the Golgi Complex? A B C E D

Which letter is the Golgi Complex? A B C E D answer is…

Which letter is the Golgi Complex? A B C E D answer is…

The following structures are ONLY FOUND IN PLANT CELLS!!

Chloroplast (pg. 31) Plants make their own food using photosynthesis Chloroplasts are organelles where photosynthesis occurs Chloroplasts are green because they contain a green pigment called chlorophyll, which absorbs energy in sunlight Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Organelle in plants not animals. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Contain the green pigment chlorophyll. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Has stacks called Thylakoids.

Has stacks called Thylakoids.

F F F

F orm F F

F orm F ollows F

F orm F ollows F unction

Has its own unique DNA. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Playing in the giant Chloroplast Bouncy House to learn about photosynthesis.

Does anyone have a bouncy house? Activity! Playing in the giant Chloroplast Bouncy House to learn about photosynthesis. Does anyone have a bouncy house?

“Oh well” Guess we will just take more notes. Activity! Playing in the giant Chloroplast Bouncy House to learn about photosynthesis. Does anyone have a bouncy house? “Oh well” Guess we will just take more notes.

Cell Wall (pg. 30) Rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane Provides support and protection to the cell Because plants don’t have a skeleton like animals, they get their shape from the cell wall Cells of fungi, bacteria, and some protists also have cell walls Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Cell Wall

Bacteria, Fungi, and Plants have cell walls Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Made of cellulose (permeable) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Made of cellulose (permeable) H2O Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Supports plant Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Supports plant Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Supports plant F F F Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Supports plant F orm F F Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Supports plant F orm F ollows F Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

F orm F ollows F unction Supports plant Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Celery Question! Describe eating celery. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Celery Question. Describe eating celery Celery Question! Describe eating celery. What if plants were made of hot dogs? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The plants would be defenseless. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

“Feeding is so easy without cell walls.”

Difficult to chew and digest (protection). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Large Central Vacuole (pg. 30) Most plants, animals, and fungi have a fluid-filled vesicle called a vacuole Vacuoles contain enzymes, nutrients, water, or wastes Plant cells have a LARGE CENTRAL VACUOLE full of water! It helps support the cell

Plants can’t run. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Plants can’t run. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Plants can’t run. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

So they need a large central vacuole for… Plants can’t run. So they need a large central vacuole for… Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal.

Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal.

Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal. When it rains, collect as much water as possible

Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal. When it rains, collect as much water as possible Because…

Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal. When it rains, collect as much water as possible Because…

Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal. When it rains, collect as much water as possible Because… Plants can’t run

Very large in plant cell.

Very large in plant cell. F F F

Very large in plant cell. F orm F F

Very large in plant cell. F orm F ollows F

Very large in plant cell. F orm F ollows F unction

Which picture is an animal cell, and which is a plant cell based on the size of the vacuole?

Which picture is an animal cell, and which is a plant cell based on the size of the vacuole?

Which picture is an animal cell, and which is a plant cell based on the size of the vacuole?

Which picture is an animal cell, and which is a plant cell based on the size of the vacuole?

Which picture is an animal cell, and which is a plant cell based on the size of the vacuole?

Which picture is an animal cell, and which is a plant cell based on the size of the vacuole?

Answer! The vacuole is much larger in the plant cell than the animal cell.

Creates turgid pressure in plants.

Creates turgid pressure in plants. Drought Drought

Contains food and water solution.

Only found in Animal Cells! Lysosomes (pg. 32) Break down worn-out or damaged organelles, waste material, and foreign invaders Some of this material is recycled and reused in the cell

Digestive acids / enzymes in a sac Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Digestive organelle, recycles old cell parts. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Breaks down proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Cell breaks down if lysosome explodes

Can you name all of the organelles? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Plant cell or animal cell?

Plant cell or animal cell?

Plant cell

Plant cell

Plant cell

Plant cell

Plant cell

Plant cell

Plant cell

Plant cell

Plant cell

Plant cell

Plant cell

Plant cell

Plant cell

Plant cell

Plant cell

Plant cell Ribosome

Plant cell Ribosome

Plant cell Ribosome

Plant cell Ribosome

Plant cell Ribosome