Human Body Systems Review

Digestion Describe the function of the following organs and define the following terms.

Digestion Mouth

Mouth 1st site of digestion

Digestion Teeth

Teeth Grind food into smaller pieces Digestion Teeth Grind food into smaller pieces

Digestion Mechanical Digestion

Digestion Mechanical Digestion muscles and teeth physical break down food into smaller pieces

Digestion Mastication

Mastication Chewing/grinding food Digestion Mastication Chewing/grinding food

Digestion Tongue

Tongue Pushes food towards esophagus Digestion Tongue Pushes food towards esophagus

Digestion Salivary Glands

Salivary Glands Secrete enzymes Digestion Salivary Glands Secrete enzymes

Digestion Chemical Digestion

Chemical Digestion Acid and enzymes break down food into molecules

Digestion Epiglottis

Digestion Epiglottis Small flap of cartilage that prevents food from entering lungs

Digestion Esophagus

Esophagus Passageway for food to moves from mouth to stomach Digestion Esophagus Passageway for food to moves from mouth to stomach

Digestion Peristalsis

Peristalsis Wavelike contractions that push food along Digestion Peristalsis Wavelike contractions that push food along

Digestion Stomach

Digestion Stomach Chemical (gastric juices) and mechanical (muscles) digestion of food

Digestion Liver

Liver Secrets bile, filters the blood, and metabolizes drugs Digestion Liver Secrets bile, filters the blood, and metabolizes drugs

Digestion Gall Bladder

Digestion Gall Bladder Stores bile

Digestion Duodenum

Duodenum 1st section of small intestine; digestion

Digestion Pancreas

Digestion Pancreas Secrets digestion enzymes and insulin for blood sugar regulation

Digestion Small Intestine

Small Intestine Absorbs nutrients Digestion Small Intestine Absorbs nutrients

Digestion Large Intestine

Large Intestine Removes water and stores feces Digestion Large Intestine Removes water and stores feces

Digestion Rectum

Digestion Rectum Compacts feces and receptors signals brain with need to eliminate

Digestion Anus

Digestion Anus Eliminates waste

Provided the next step in Cardiovascular AKA: Circulatory System Provided the next step in the path of blood flow and answer the following questions.

Heart pumps blood and it flows in one direction due to… Cardiovascular Heart pumps blood and it flows in one direction due to…

Heart pumps blood and it flows in one direction due to… Cardiovascular Heart pumps blood and it flows in one direction due to… valves

Cardiovascular What are the 4 parts of blood?

What are the 4 parts of blood? RBC, WBC, Platelets, & Plasma Cardiovascular What are the 4 parts of blood? RBC, WBC, Platelets, & Plasma

Cardiovascular What is the job of Red Blood Cells?

Cardiovascular What is the job of Red Blood Cells? Carry Oxygen

Cardiovascular What is the job of White Blood Cells?

Cardiovascular What is the job of White Blood Cells? Fight disease

Cardiovascular What is the job of Platelets?

Cardiovascular What is the job of Platelets? Clotting

What is the job of Plasma? Cardiovascular What is the job of Plasma?

What is the job of Plasma? Enables blood to flow Cardiovascular What is the job of Plasma? Enables blood to flow

of blood vessels? (In order from thinnest to thickest) Cardiovascular What are the 3 types of blood vessels? (In order from thinnest to thickest)

of blood vessels? (In order from thinnest to thickest) Cardiovascular What are the 3 types of blood vessels? (In order from thinnest to thickest) Capillaries, Veins, and Arteries

Heart’s Right Atrium pumps blood to Right Ventricle then to… Cardiovascular (deoxygenated blood) Heart’s Right Atrium pumps blood to Right Ventricle then to…

Heart’s Right Atrium pumps blood to Right Ventricle then to… Lungs Cardiovascular (deoxygenated blood) Heart’s Right Atrium pumps blood to Right Ventricle then to… Lungs

Cardiovascular Pulmonary Artery to Lungs (blood picks up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide )Which blood cells and chemical carry oxygen?

Cardiovascular Blood Path Pulmonary Artery to Lungs (blood picks up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide )Which blood cells and chemical carry oxygen? Red Blood Cells &Hemoglobin

heart and Veins carry blood ____________ the heart. Cardiovascular Arteries carry blood _______________ the heart and Veins carry blood ____________ the heart.

heart and Veins carry blood ___to______ the heart. Cardiovascular Arteries carry blood __away from___ the heart and Veins carry blood ___to______ the heart.

Cardiovascular Pulmonary Artery carries blood to Lungs. Which structures exchange gases with capillaries?

Cardiovascular Pulmonary Artery carries blood to Lungs. Which structures exchange gases with capillaries? Alveoli

Cardiovascular (oxygenated blood) Pulmonary Vein carries blood to Left Atrium which is then pumped into the…

Cardiovascular (oxygenated blood) Pulmonary Vein carries blood to Left Atrium which is then pumped into the… Left Ventricle

Cardiovascular What structure separates the oxygen rich and oxygen poor blood in the two sides of the heart?

Cardiovascular What structure separates the oxygen rich and oxygen poor blood in the two sides of the heart? Septum

Ventricle blood is pumped to… Cardiovascular From the Left Ventricle blood is pumped to…

Ventricle blood is pumped to… Body cells Cardiovascular From the Left Ventricle blood is pumped to… Body cells

removed from/provided to body cells? Cardiovascular What materials are removed from/provided to body cells? (at least 4 different; indicate to or from)

removed from/provided to body cells? From: Waste, CO2, Water Cardiovascular What materials are removed from/provided to body cells? From: Waste, CO2, Water To: Water, O2, Nutrients

Respiratory Describe the function of the following organs (in the order of air flow) and answer the following questions.

Air enters the body through the nose also known as the ______________. Respiratory Air enters the body through the nose also known as the ______________.

Respiratory Air enters the body through the nose also known as the __nasal cavity_.

Nasal Cavity’s 3 functions: Respiratory Nasal Cavity’s 3 functions:

Nasal Cavity’s 3 functions: Respiratory Nasal Cavity’s 3 functions: Warms, Moistens, and Filters Air

Respiratory Pharynx

Respiratory Pharynx Passageway for food and air

Respiratory Larynx

Respiratory Larynx Voice box; holds vocal cords

What structure prevents food from entering the airway to the lungs? Respiratory What structure prevents food from entering the airway to the lungs?

What structure prevents food from entering the airway to the lungs? Respiratory What structure prevents food from entering the airway to the lungs? Epiglottis

What is another name for the windpipe? Respiratory What is another name for the windpipe?

What is another name for the windpipe? Respiratory What is another name for the windpipe? Trachea

Respiratory Bronchi

Bronchi Division of the trachea that allows air to flow to each lung Respiratory Bronchi Division of the trachea that allows air to flow to each lung

Respiratory Which structure allows exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide with capillaries?

Respiratory Which structure allows exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide with capillaries? Alveoli

Respiratory Diaphragm:

Respiratory Diaphragm: Dome-shaped sheet of muscle across the bottom of the chest cavity that contracts and relaxes to cause inhales and exhales of air

of each of the following organs and answer the following questions? Urinary Describe the function of each of the following organs and answer the following questions?

function of the Urinary System? What is the main function of the Urinary System?

function of the Urinary System? Filter the blood What is the main function of the Urinary System? Filter the blood

filtered from the blood? Urinary What materials are filtered from the blood?

filtered from the blood? Urinary What materials are filtered from the blood? Water, Nutrients, Glucose, Waste, Urea (Nutrient, Glucose, and needed amounts of water are returned)

Urinary Nephrons (function): & AKA?

& AKA? Tiny filter factories Urinary Nephrons (function) Cleanse the blood & AKA? Tiny filter factories

Urinary Ureters:

Urinary Ureters: Passageway for urine to bladder

Urinary Bladder:

Urinary Bladder: Stores Urine

Urinary Urethra:

Urinary Urethra: Excretes Urine

the urine, what condition might this indicate? Urinary If glucose if found in the urine, what condition might this indicate?

the urine, what condition might this indicate? Diabetes Urinary If glucose if found in the urine, what condition might this indicate? Diabetes

the urine, what condition might this indicate? Urinary If protein if found in the urine, what condition might this indicate?

the urine, what condition might this indicate? Kindney Damage Urinary If protein if found in the urine, what condition might this indicate? Kindney Damage

Urinary Define Homeostasis & give an example:

Define Homeostasis & give an example: Urinary Define Homeostasis & give an example: Maintaining an internal body balance regardless of external stimuli Ex. sweating, shivering, stomach growling, fever, fatigue, etc.

Urinary Explain how the Circulatory system works with one of the following systems: Digestive, Respiratory, or Urinary

Systems working together: Digestive – capillaries Urinary Systems working together: Digestive – capillaries pick up nutrients from the villi in the small intestine Respiratory – capillaries exchange gases with the alveoli in the lungs Urinary – capillaries exchange materials with the nephrons in the kidneys