What Makes “Persuasion” Persuasive? Rhetorical Devices Overview

Quick Write-2:30 Pair Share-2:30 How do you think we go about rhetorical analysis? What’s different from lit analysis? What types of devices do you think we look for? almost

Critical Evaluation: Critical Importance

A Quick Review Where We have been… 1. We can IDENTIFY Logos, Pathos, & Ethos (and how they function) in persuasion-based texts “Appeals” of Rhetoric. “Modes” of rhetoric according to Aristotle II. We can effectively IDENTIFY evidence that supports/refutes the a claim for L/E/P We can APPLY specific evidence to L/E/P and ANALYZE how the craft creates meaning. the effect for overall meaning/overall persuasiveness

ANNOTATE FOR MEaning II. We learned how to ANNOTATE a text to make meaning and how we ANALYZE the effect: Why is craft important? SOAPstone What devices are utilized? Why? How? We annotate in both Literature analysis AND rhetorical Analysis

Rhetorical vs. Literary: form  device(s) III. Literary and Rhetorical devices function DIFFERENTLY Literary Devices refers to the typical structures used by writers in their works to convey his or her messages in a simple manner to the readers. When employed properly, the different literary devices help readers to appreciate, interpret and analyze a literary work. A rhetorical devices or resource of language is a technique that an author or speaker uses to convey to the listener or reader a meaning with the goal of persuading him or her towards considering a topic from a different perspective, using sentences designed to encourage or provoke a rational argument from an emotional display of a given perspective or action. Rhetorical devices can be used to evoke an emotional response in the audience, and that is not their primary purpose

When you Annotate Rhetoric What is the argument? What does author want you as reader to believe? (HOW DO YOU KNOW? ) Work through text- Rhetorical appeals? devices? Syntax? Structure? Diction? Determine Soapstone Is it Persuasive? Claim + Evidence+ Analysis…Conclude

“I have a Dream” as a Formula for Persuasion Watch, Listen, Read…

Anaphora DEFINTION Example "If you prick us, do we not bleed? Anaphora – repetition of a word or words at the beginning of a line   "If you prick us, do we not bleed? If you tickle us, do we not laugh?” (Merchant of Venice, Shakespeare)

Alliteration DEFINTION EXAMPLE Alliteration – repetition of the initial sound

Emotive example Emotive (charged) words – evoke an emotional response DEFINTION example Emotive (charged) words – evoke an emotional response

Statistics DEFINTION example Statistics – numbers/percentages make an impression (even if exaggerated - hyperbole); don’t overuse stats

Repetition definition example Repetition – repeating lines or a piece of a line for effect  

Parallelism/Parallel Structure DEFINTION EXAMPLE Parallelism/Parallel Structure – balanced components within a line, a paragraph, or a larger unit of composition (hint – look on either side of the conjunction)

Antithesis DEFINITION Antithesis – positioning one term against another for emphasis; pointing out opposites (sometimes extremes) to make a point (sometimes using “not X, but Y” structure)

Pattern of Three DEFINTION EXAMPLE Pattern of Three – often used in political speeches for rhythmic purposes; listing three components within a line, a paragraph, or a larger unit Stop, look, listen Blood sweat, tears Cool, calm, collected:

Rhetorical Question DEFINTION EXAMPLE Rhetorical question – does not expect a response; made for emphasis Can anyone look at the record of this Administration and say, "Well done"? Can anyone compare the state of our economy when the Carter Administration took office with where we are today and say, "Keep up the good work"? Can anyone look at our reduced standing in the world today and say, "Let's have four more years of this“—Ronald Reagan

Metaphor DEFINITION EXAMPLE Metaphor – comparison of unlike things

Simile DEFINTION EXAMPLE Similes – comparison of unlike things using like or as I’ll be floating like a butterfly and stinging like a bee.”

Allusion DEFINTION EXAMPLE Allusion – reference to well-known historical person/event or literary character/work

Synaesthesia DEFINTION EXAMPLE Synaesthesia – a strong piece of imagery that combines two or more senses My nostrils see her breath burn like a bush." (Dylan Thomas, When all my Five and Country Senses See) "the silence that dwells in the forest is not so black" (Oscar Wilde, Salo)

Listen, Annotate, Analyze, evaluate… Listen and read along : http://player.slideplayer.com/14/4302443/# Re-read and annotate for the following: 1. What rhetorical appeals are at play? II. What rhetorical devices can you identify? Why? What is the impact? III. SOAPstone? IV. Persuasive? How does identifying the rhetorical devices/appeals help identify the factors of SOAPstone?

Lets practice together… Why would MLK introduce his speech this way? How/what sets purpose/tone?

For Homework Due Friday 9/30   Rhetorical Device Annotation: “MLK: I Have A Dream” Use thorough and complete  annotations throughout the text to identify and analyze the rhetorical appeals & strategies King uses to convey his message about racial inequality to his audience. Keep annotations and evidence rooted  in the prompt: What makes Doctor King’s speech so persuasive?