Chapter Five Visual Principles Kim Shuffield ETEC 562

Roles of Visual Instruction Provide a REFERENT for ideas. They are iconic-they resemble what they represent. Easily remembered link. Motivate by capturing attention and generating an emotional response. Simplify difficult information. Gives learners a chance to comprehend information visually that they did not understand verbally.

Visual Literacy The learned ability to interpret and create visual messages. It was first recognized by John Dewey. Developed by two major approaches: Input Strategies: Decoding by practicing analysis skills Output Strategies: Writing visuals to express and communicate.

Decoding: Interpreting Visuals Seeing a visual does not necessarily mean that one will learn from it. There are three factors that must be taken into account.

Developmental Effects Younger viewers vs. older viewers.

Cultural Effects Different Groups perceive things different ways.

Visual Preferences Visuals that are preferred and visuals that are effective.

Encoding: Creating Visuals MOST IMPORTANT IS THE IDEA OF SEQUENCING Camera Video Recorder Scanners PowerPoint

Goals of Visual Design Ensure Legibility Legibility Reduce effort. Increase viewer’s engagement. Focus attention on the most important parts.

Processes of Visual Design Elements - Selecting and assembling the verbal/visual elements to incorporate into the display. Pattern - Choosing an underlying pattern for the elements of the display. Arrangement - Arranging the elements within the underlying pattern.

Size of lettering-1/2 inch for every 10 feet of distance. Elements Letter Style Number of letter styles- no more than 2 Capitals-only where NEEDED. Color of lettering-appropriate contrast. Size of lettering-1/2 inch for every 10 feet of distance. S p a c I n g - use optical spacing

Elements that Add Appeal Visuals have little effect unless they capture AND hold the audience’s attention. These three devices aid in that: Surprise Texture Interaction

Surprise Grabs the attention Unexpected New stimuli

Texture Two Dimensional Involves Sense of Touch Invites Involvement

Interaction Viewers can be asked to respond to visuals by manipulating them.

Pattern Alignment Shape Balance Style Color Scheme Color Appeal

Arrangement Proximity Directionals Figure-Ground Contrast Consistency

Visual Planning Tools Storyboard Types of Letters Drawing, Sketching and Cartooning

Digital Images Digital Cameras Scanners Photo CDs (cheaper alternative)

Chapter Five Visual Principles Kim Shuffield ETEC 562