12A History of Poster Design AWD 4M1

In 1891, Toulouse-Lautrec's extraordinary first poster, Moulin Rouge, elevated the status of the poster to fine art and touched off a poster craze. During the 1890s, called the Belle Epoque in France, poster exhibitions, magazines and dealers proliferated; Toulouse Lautrec 1891

*foreign influence on composition Toulouse Lautrec 1892

Style: Art Nouveau Characteristics: intricate designs based on plant qualities -lines look like vines Just three years later, Alphonse Mucha, a Czech working in Paris, created the first masterpiece of Art Nouveau poster design. Bearing multiple influences including the Pre-Raphaelites, the Arts and Crafts Movement, and Byzantine art, this flowering, ornate style became the major international decorative art movement up until World War I. .Alphonse Mucha 1894 *pronounced Muxa

Alphonse Mucha 1898

Style: Art Nouveau Art Nouveau gets tiring and artists were transforming Art Nouveau's organic approach. These schools rejected curvilinear ornamentation in favor of a rectilinear and geometric structure based on functionalism. Theophile Steinlen 1896

The Kiss Peter Behrens 1898

Julius Klinger 1900

Julius Klinger 1912

Style: Plakatstil (Poster Style) -characterized by an emphasis on flat colours and shapes -work was abstract, more in line with modern visual language Artist Date Style

Style: Plakastil Specific Style: Sachplakat (Object poster) -simplified to image of product and the brand name Lucian Bernhard 1906

Lucian Bernhard 1908 *also type designer of fonts whose name start with Bernhard

Style: Art Deco -Art Nouveau style too flowery in industrial time & the timime of Cubism & Futurism -simplified shapes and replace curvy lettering with Sleek, angular ones -Cassandre uses air brush as medium and his posters Become icons of the Industrial Age -the first graphic design courses begin in Europe *key moment in the transition from illustration to Graphic design in advertising -Cassandre’s work has really dynamic compositions, Abstract geometry and bold typography that were Integrated into the image. A.M. Cassandre 1935

Cassandre became the first poster artist to be honored with a one-man show at New York's Museum of Modern Art in 1936. He is generally considered the greatest poster artist of the century. Many of his 60 plus original vintage posters are amongst the most expensive and sought after of all posters.

Style: Art Deco Celebrates the decadence and elegance of 1920s and 1930s Roger Broder c. 1930

World War 1 – poster’s role is huge as tool for propaganda -biggest advertising campaign to date -must use to raise $, recruit soldiers and volunteers and influence attitudes . Utilizing modern Madison Avenue techniques, America alone produced about 2,500 striking poster designs and approximately 20 million posters - nearly 1 for every 4 citizens - in little more than 2 years. James Montgomery Flagg 1917

World War 2 Bring out the posters again for propaganda. Rosie Riveter J. Howard Miller 1942

Style: International Typographic Style The International Typographic Style, or Swiss Style, was also perfectly suited to the increasingly globally connected world.  Highly structured, systematic designs granted order and clarity to everything from highways and airports to product instruction manuals. Influenced by the Bauhaus and Tshichhold's New Typography, this style developed in Switzerland in the late '50s and '60s. It employed basic typographic elements with strict graphic rules and often replaced illustration with stark, "modern" photography. The concert posters of Josef Muller-Brockmann represent the classical apotheosis of this style - cool, elegant and systematically abstract. Josef Muller Brockman 1951

Otl Aicher 1972

*first time the content of the movie wasn’t shown but rather the concept of the movie Saul Bass 1955

Saul Bass 1958

Saul Bass 1961

Jim Fitzpatrick 1967

Psychedelic Posters -clashing colours -type barely legible Art reacts to what came before it – art in the 1960s is chaotic in response to the orderly work of the 1950s. (influence of Surrealism, Pop Art & Expressionism) the Styles are more relaxed (intuitive) Wes Wilson 1967

Peter Max

Art reacts to what came before it – art in the 1960s is chaotic in response to the orderly work of the 1950s. (influence of Surrealism, Pop Art & Expressionism) the Styles are more relaxed (intuitive) Milton Glaser 1975

Heather Cooper 1977

*introduction of the personal computer allowed designers freedom to directly produce their own work Style: Post Modern – this describes the breaking of previous design rules April Greiman 1986

April Greiman 1999

He is best known for his innovative magazine design, and use of experimental typography. his widely imitated aesthetic defined the so-called "grunge typography" era.[2] David Carson 2001

David Carson 2012

David Carson

Shepard Fairey 2008