The Cold War VS
Origins of the Cold War (During WWII) USSR suspected allies were allowing the USSR to take casualties on the eastern front in order to weaken their country USSR forces in Korea occupied the peninsula to about the 38th parallel to get ready to invade Japan A Bombs ended war & N Korea was formed
After WWII Europe and Germany are divided USSR creates a buffer zone to prevent another attack form Germany “Iron Curtain”
The Bipolarization of Europe
Truman Doctrine 1947 Civil War in Greece. Turkey under pressure from the USSR The U. S. should support free peoples throughout the world who were resisting takeovers by armed minorities or outside pressures…We must assist free peoples to work out their own destinies in their own way. The U.S. gave Greece & Turkey $400 million in aid.
Marshall Plan 1948 “European Recovery Program.” Secretary of State, George Marshall The U. S. should provide aid to all European nations that need it. This move is not against any country or doctrine, but against hunger, poverty, desperation, and chaos.
Berlin Airlift USSR blockaded Berlin in 1948-49 due to Marshall Plan US and GB sent supplies via cargo planes
A New Red Scare Fear of communist infiltrating the nation House of Un-American Activities Committee – responsible for reveling communist Rosenberg Trial – Soviet spies Hollywood Ten- blacklisted actors Senator Joseph McCarthy witch hunt to find communist in gov’t At first supported due to war in Korea & the Red Scare TV hearings reveled his paranoia and irrational fear McCarthyism
Containment Stop the spread of Communism Prevent the Domino Theory
The Arms Race Begins The Soviet Union exploded its first A-bomb in 1949.
Americans in Fear
NATO is Formed 1949 North Atlantic Treaty Organization United States Belgium Britain Canada Denmark France Iceland Italy Luxemburg Netherlands Norway Portugal 1952: Greece & Turkey 1955: West Germany 1983: Spain
Warsaw Pact 1955 East Germany U. S. S. R. Albania Hungary Bulgaria Poland Rumania U. S. S. R. Albania Bulgaria Czechoslovakia
Korean War [1950-1953]
The Shifting Map of Korea [1950-1953] 34,000 Americans died
Korean War
Created a new type of “Red Scare” Sputnik I 1957 The Russians have beaten America in space—they have the technological edge! Created a new type of “Red Scare”