Introduction to AP Human Geography – Day 2 Mr. Stepek

Map legend/key For analysis purposes special attention MUST be placed on the map index or legend Identifies scale Identifies symbols Identifies color coding

Thematic Types of Maps: choropleth unit is assigned color best = use shades of same color darker = greater occurrence of the phenomenon being analyzed strength shows dominance of a trait weakness level of aggregation/generalization must be considered. could give false conclusion must compare “apples to apples”

Thematic Types of Maps: dot maps dots indicate the # of occurrences in a given area Best for raw data, not ratios or normalized data Snow video = early use of GIS can be described using the three properties of a distribution

Distribution: use special terms to describe spatial relationships and their organization GR 35 Density: how often an object occurs within a given area or space (used often with population) Arithmetic density = occurrence or population/total area

Distribution: use special terms to describe spatial relationships and their organization GR 35 Density: how often an object occurs within a given area or space (used often with population) Physiological density = population/arable (farmable) land measures ability of area to feed its population

Distribution: use special terms to describe spatial relationships and their organization GR 35 Density: how often an object occurs within a given area or space (used often with population) Agricultural density = farmers/arable land measures farming efficiency/modernization consequently – it shows development!

Distribution: use special terms to describe spatial relationships and their organization GR 35 Density: how often an object occurs within a given area or space (used often with population) Concentration: refers to the proximity over the area in which an item is spread. Cluster/agglomeration = close together Dispersed/scattered = spread out

Distribution: use special terms to describe spatial relationships and their organization GR 35 Density: Concentration: Pattern: how things are geometrically organized within their space. Linear = along a straight line (any other descriptive shape as well) Circular, grid pattern, U-shaped, L-shaped, etc. Random = no discernible pattern

Thematic Types of Maps: isoline/isopleth similar data is connected by lines always used for elevation ex: barometric pressure on weather maps Data bands assigned colors = isopleth

Thematic Types of Maps: flow line maps Shows movement of people, information, and goods between places

Types of Maps: Topographic Reflects the Earth’s physical features (terrain, elevation)

Graphs in the form of “maps”: Cartograms Distorts size of a map units to allow comparison of data. more of a “graph” concept than a map = graph in map form

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