11-4 cont

Axial Muscles Position ____________________and _______________________ _______________________________ Move rib cage Assist with movements for _________________________________ 60% of skeletal muscles in the body

Appendicular Muscles __________________________________ or move components of appendicular skeleton 40%

11-5 Axial muscles

Muscles of Head and Neck Muscles that move face, _________________________, and _______________________ Responsible for verbal and nonverbal communication ________________________________

Muscles of Facial Expression Originate on surface of _______________________ When they contract, the skin moves Largest group is associated w/ the _______________________ Orbicularis oris- constricts opening of the mouth Buccinator- cooperates w/ masticatory muscles by moving food back across teeth; suction for suckling Epicranium (___________________________) contains temporoparietalis and occipitofrontalis muscle

Extrinsic Eye Muscles 6 muscles known as extraocular (oculomotor) muscles Originate on surface of orbit Control position of each eye _______________________________________-look down Medial rectus- look medially _____________________________________-look up Lateral rectus- look laterally ________________________________-eye rolls; look up and laterally Superior oblique- eye rolls; look down and laterally

Muscles of Mastication Move mandible at temporomandibular joint ____________________________- strongest jaw muscle; elevates mandible and closes the jaw _________________________- elevates mandible ___________________________- elevate, depress, or protract mandible or slide it from side to side (lateral excursion)

Muscles of Tongue ________________________________ - elevates tongue, depresses soft palate Styloglossus- retracts tongue; elevates side ______________________________- depresses and protracts tongue Hyoglossus- depresses and retracts tongue

Muscles of Pharynx Initiate ______________________ process Pharyngeal __________________________ Superior, middle, and inferior- constrict pharynx to propel bolus into esophagus Laryngeal elevator- elevate _________________________ Palatal muscles Levator veli palatine and tensor veli palatini- elevates soft palate

Anterior Muscles of the Neck 5 muscles that control position of ______________________ 2 muscles that depress the ______________________________ and tense the floor of the mouth 3 muscles that provide a stable foundation for muscles of tongue and _________________________________

Anterior Muscles of the Neck cont. _________________________- depresses mandible or elevates larynx Geniohyoid- depresses mandible or elevates larynx; pulls hyoid bone anteriorly __________________________________- elevates floor of mouth and hyoid bone or depresses mandible Ommohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid- depresses hyoid bone and larynx ___________________________________- elevates larynx Thyrohyoid- elevates thyroid, depresses hyoid bone Sternocleidomastoid- (2) flex the neck (1) side bends head toward shoulder and turns face to opposite side

Muscles of Vertebral Column Erector spinae muscles (spinal ____________________________)- superficial and deep layers When contracting together, ______________________ vertebral column One side contract-________________________________________ Superficial Spinalis group Longissimus group Iliocostalis group

Muscles of Vertebral Column cont. Deep layer- _______________________________ and stabilize the vertebrae; slight extension or rotation Semispinalis group Multifidus muscle Interspinales Intertransversarii rotatores

Muscles of Vertebral Column cont. Spinal flexors ___________________ Longus capitis & longus colli rotate or flex neck ___________________________________ Quadratus lumborum- flex vertebral column and depress the ribs

Oblique and Rectus Muscles Forms muscular walls of thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities b/t 1st thoracic vertebra and ______________________ Neck also has some ______________________________- compress underlying structures or rotate the vertebral column _________________________- flexors of vertebral column

Oblique Muscles _______________________________ muscles-neck Elevate 1st 2 ribs; assist in flexion of neck Intercostal muscles- ______________________ b/t ribs Aid in respiratory movement ___________________________ muscles- thorax

Oblique Muscles Abdominopelvic External and internal ___________________________- compresses abdomen, depresses ribs, flex or bend spine Transversus abdominis- compresses abdomen Rectus abdominus (_______________) - depresses rubs, flexes vertebral column, compresses abdomen Separated into segments by tendinous inscriptions

Diaphragm Refers to any muscular sheet that forms a wall Diaphragmatic muscle- separates _____________________________ and thoracic cavities

Muscles of Pelvic Floor b/t sacrum and __________________________________ Support organs of pelvic cavity Flex _______________________ and coccyx Control movement of materials through ______________________ and anus

Muscles of Pelvic Floor Anterior muscles- _________________________________ triangle Posterior- _________________________ triangle Superficial muscles- external genitalia Cover deeper muscles that strengthen pelvic floor and encircle the urethra Makeup the urogenital diaphragm- b/t pubic bones Pelvic __________________________________- foundation of anal triangle