Section 9-2 Manifest Destiny
What is Manifest Destiny? First coined by newspaper editor, John O’Sullivan in 1845. The belief that America had the god given right to expand the U.S.’s borders from “sea to shining sea” by John Gast, 1872
How the borders of the continental U.S. are formed. Land Acquisitions How the borders of the continental U.S. are formed.
Original 13 Colonies When? - 1776 From Where? - Great Britain Why? - U.S. declared independence
Louisiana Purchase When? - 1803 From Where? - France Why? - Napoleon needed the money **Effect: - U.S. doubles size
Adams-Onis Treaty When? - 1819 From Where? - Spain Why? - Andrew Jackson invaded
Aroostook “War” When? - 1839 From Where? - Canada Why? - border dispute between the U.S. state of Maine & Canada
The Republic of Texas When? - 1845 From Where? - Republic of Texas Why? - Texas asked to be admitted as a U.S. state
Oregon Territory When? - 1846 From Where? - Great Britain Why? - President Polk wanted to annex Oregon Territory - want 54o 40’ (or Fight) BUT settled for 49th parallel
Mexican War When? - 1848 From Where? - Mexico Why? - President Polk offers to buy land from Mexico… they refuse so we take it from them!
Gadsden’s Purchase When? - 1853 From Where? - Mexico Why? - U.S. wanted to build railroad thru that area… paid Mexico $10 million
Ostend Manifesto When? - 1854 From Where? - Latin America Why? - Secret document leaked to U.S. public… plans to take Cuba from Spain… make it a slave state!
Black Hawk War Early 1830s Wisconsin & Illinois Chief Black Hawk fights the U.S. Forced relocation of Sauk & Fox tribes to Arkansas Territory
Treaty of Fort Laramie 1851 Native Am. east of the Rocky Mts. U.S. Govt. pledges to honor boundaries & make annual payments… they lied! White settlers deplete hunting grounds and kill off buffalo and elk.
Settlers Headed to Oregon
The Oregon & Santa Fe Trail (1840s)
Overland Immigration to the West Between 1840 and 1860, more than 250,000 people made the trek westward.
The Oregon Trail Started in Independence, Missouri Ended in Portland, Oregon Traveled by wheeled covered Conestoga Wagons Took 4-6 months Many people died
The Oregon Trail
What Did They Bring?
The Doomed Donner Party April, 1846 – April, 1847
The Doomed Donner Party CANNIBALISM ! Margaret Patrick John Breen Breen Breen Of the 83 members of the Donner Party, only 45 survived to get to California! James Reed & Wife
Santa Fe Trail 780 mile trade route from Independence, Missouri to Santa Fe, New Mexico During the Mexican War, a military route for the U.S. Army
Mormons to Utah 1846-1857 Joseph Smith leads Mormons from NY to Nauvoo, Illinois 1839 People angry about Mormon polygamy Smith put in jail in 1844 and murdered Brigham Young leads Mormons to Utah
Resources Darrell Wells – Hickory Ridge HS, NC Susan Pojer – Horace Greely HS, NY