Deciding Where Loyalties Lie, 1763-1776 Chapter 5 Deciding Where Loyalties Lie, 1763-1776

Victory’s New Problems Dealing with Indian and French-Canadian Resistance Proclamation Line of 1763 Government’s policies 1st source of conflict Americans disregarded Demanding More from the Colonists George Grenville Writs of Assistance Sugar Act

Victory’s New Problems The Colonial Response Discussion of rights, liberties, and powers of government The Stamp Act Help pay for costs of British empire First DIRECT tax The Popular Response Sons of Liberty

Victory’s New Problems Political Debate Stamp Act raised issue of taxation without representation Stamp Act Congress Repeal of the Stamp Act Nonimportation agreements Economic effects Declaratory Act

Asserting American Rights The Townshend Acts and Colonial Protest Imposed customs duties (1767) Required colonists to help pay for troops The British Humiliated Protests mushroomed in Massachusetts Sons of Liberty Success Weakens Colonial Unity

Paul Revere’s engraving of the Boston Massacre appeared in newspapers the day after the confrontation between redcoats and Boston citizens. Even though Captain Preston and most of his soldiers were found innocent of wrongdoing, Revere’s striking image of innocent civilians and murderous soldiers remained fixed in the popular mind. It reinforced suspicion that the British were plotting to deprive Americans of their rights and liberties. p111

The Crisis Renewed Disturbing the Peace of the Early 1770s Britain continued to try to eliminate smuggling Gaspée Committees of Correspondence The Tea Act and the Tea Party Colonists in many cities prevented tea from landing

The Crisis Renewed Creating a National Forum: The First Continental Congress September 5, 1774 Philadelphia Many torn between loyalty to Mother Country and loyalty to colony Galloway’s Plan of Union Declaration of Rights and Grievances Suffolk Reserves

The Decision for Independence Taking Charge and Enforcing Policies Those opposed to British government began to seize control The Shot Heard ‘Round the World Lexington and Concord – April 1775

The Decision for Independence The Second Continental Congress Olive Branch Petition American Prohibitory Act The Impact of Common Sense Convinced many that the time had come for American independence

The Decision for Independence Declaring Independence Enlightenment philosophy Thomas Jefferson Declaration of Independence “self-evident” truths “inalienable rights”

The Decision for Independence Declaring Loyalties Neutrality Loyalists African Americans Pointed out the inconsistencies of the radical position even before the Declaration of Independence Fewer than 50% of the colonists supported the American side

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