1 INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACY BY K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm,M.B.A,(PhD)

2 What is drug? In pharmacology, a drug is "a chemical substance used in the treatment, cure, prevention, or diagnosis of disease or used to otherwise enhance physical or mental well- being.“pharmacologychemical A pharmaceutical drug, also referred to as medicine, medication or medicament, can be loosely defined as any chemical substance intended for use in the medical diagnosis,cure, treatment, or prevention of diseasechemical substancemedical diagnosiscuretreatmentpreventiondisease K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

3 Pharmacy (from the Greek φάρμακον 'pharmakon' = drug) It is the health profession that links the health sciences with the chemical sciences, and it is charged with ensuring the safe and effective use of pharmaceutical drugs.health sciences chemical sciences K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

4 ( Applied science is the application of scientific knowledge transferred into a physical environment ) Health science or biomedical science is the applied science dealing with health K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

5 Who is pharmacist? Pharmacists are health professionals who practice the science of pharmacy. In their traditional role, pharmacists typically take a request formedicines from a prescribing health care provider in the form of a medical prescription, evaluate the appropriateness of the prescription, dispense the medication to the patient and counsel them on the proper use and adverse effects of that medication.health professionalspharmacymedicinesmedical prescriptionpatient K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

6 Chemical science is the science concerned with the composition, behavior, structure, and properties of matter, as well as the changes it undergoes during chemical reactions K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

7 Pharmaceutics (preparation of dosage form) deals with the formulation of a pure drug substance into a dosage form A dosage form (DF) is the physical form of a dose of a chemical compound used as a drug or medication intended for administration or consumption K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

8 Medicinal or pharmaceutical chemistry is a discipline at the intersection of chemistry and pharmacology involved with designing, synthesizing and developing pharmaceutical drugs (Pharmacology is the study of drug action) K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

9 The field of Pharmacy can generally be divided into three primary disciplines 1. pharmaceuticspharmaceutics 2. Medicinal chemistryMedicinal chemistry and Pharmacognosy 3. Pharmacy practicePharmacy practice K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

10 TYPES OF PHARMACY PRACTICE AREAS 1.Community pharmacy 2.Hospital pharmacy 3.Clinical pharmacy 4.Compounding pharmacy 5.Consultant pharmacy 6.Internet pharmacy 7. Veterinary pharmacy 8. Nuclear pharmacy 9. Military pharmacy 10. Pharmacy informatics K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

11 1. COMMUNITY PHARMACY Community pharmacies usually consist of a retail storefront with a dispensary where medications are stored and dispensed All pharmacies are required to have a pharmacist on-duty at all times when open. It is also a requirement that the owner of a pharmacy must be a registered pharmacist 19th century Italian pharmacy Modern pharmacy in Norway K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

12 Pharmacy, tacuinum sanitatis casanatensis (XIV century)tacuinum sanitatis Florence K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

13 Drug store restoration ca Wellington, TexasWellingtonTexas K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

14 Typical American drug store with a soda fountain, about 1905 K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

15 2. HOSPITAL PHARMACY A hospital pharmacy is concerned with pharmacy service to all types of hospital and differs considerably from a community pharmacy. Hospital pharmacies can usually be found within the premises of the hospital. Hospital pharmacies usually stock a larger range of medications, including more specialized and investigational medications A retail pharmacy located inside a hospital in Italy K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

16 Clinical pharmacists provide direct patient care services that optimizes the use of medication and promotes health, wellness, and disease prevention 3. CLINICAL PHARMACY Clinical pharmacy is the branch of Pharmacy where pharmacists and pharmaconomists provide patient care that optimizes the use of medication and promotes health, wellness and disease prevention Clinical pharmacy is the branch of pharmacy which deals with various aspect of patient care, dispensing of drugs and advising patient on the safe and rational use of drug. K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

17 Basic components of clinical pharmacy practice : Prescribing drugs Dispensing and administering drugs Documenting professional services Reviewing drug use Communication Counseling Consulting Scope of clinical pharmacy: Drug Distribution Systems Drug Information Drug Utilization Drug Evaluation and Selection Medication Therapy Management Formal Education and Training Program Disease State Management K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

18 K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

19 4. COMPOUNDING PHARMACY Compounding is the mixing of drugs by a pharmacist, physician, or veterinarian to fit the unique needs of a patient. This may be done for medically necessary reasons, such as to change the form of the medication from a solid pill to a liquid It may also be done for voluntary reasons, such as adding favorite flavors to a medication Compounding is the practice of preparing drugs in new forms. K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

20 K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

21 A consultant pharmacist is a specialized pharmacist. The main principle of consultant pharmacy is Pharmaceutical care. 5. CONSULTANT PHARMACIST particularly those in institutional settings such as nursing homes. Term developed by Hepler and Strand in K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

22 Online pharmacies are pharmacies which operate over the Internet. Many such pharmacies are, in some ways, similar to community pharmacies; 6. INTERNET PHARMACY OR ONLINE PHARMACY The primary difference is the method by which the medications are requested and received. Some customers consider this to be more convenient than traveling to a community drugstore. K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

23 K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

24 7. VETERINARY PHARMACY Veterinary pharmacies, sometimes called animal pharmacies may fall in the category of hospital pharmacy, retail pharmacy or mail-order pharmacy. Because the needs of animals as well as the regulations on veterinary medicine are often very different from those related to people, veterinary pharmacy is often kept separate from regular pharmacies. K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

25 K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

26 8. NUCLEAR PHARMACY Nuclear Pharmacy involves the preparation of radioactive materials that will be used to diagnose and treat specific diseases. It was the first pharmacy specialty established in 1978 by the Board of Pharmaceutical Specialties. Nuclear pharmacy seeks to improve and promote health through the safe and effective use of radioactive drugs for not only diagnosis but also therapy. K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

27 K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

28 Military pharmacy is an entirely different working environment due to the fact that technicians perform most duties that in a civilian sector would be illegal. 9. MILITARY PHARMACY State laws of Technician patient counseling and medication checking by a pharmacist do not apply. K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

29 K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

PHARMACY INFORMATICS Pharmacy informatics is the combination of pharmacy practice science and applied information science. K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

31 K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

32 The mortar and pestle, an internationally recognized symbol to represent the pharmacy profession Recipe symbol The Gaper used in the Netherlands K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

33 The Bowl of Hygeia which is often used in the Netherlands The green Greek Cross used in Spain, Argentina, France, Poland, the United Kingdom and other countries K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

34 The red stylized "A" used in Germany Caduceus (used erroneously) K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

35 Rod of AsclepiusHanging Show Globe K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

36 Gaper on the front of "Van der Pigge", a pharmacy in HaarlemHaarlem K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences