Unit 1 Great Scientists

Who is he/she? Their great achievements? Lin Qiaozhi (l90l--l983), Jane Goodall (l934-- ), Nelson Mandela (1918 -- ) the first Chinese specialist in women’s disease British zoologist study chimps former South Africa president fight for… Nobel Peace prize 1993

Who is he/she? Their great achievements? Great scientists Qian Xuesen（1911-2009）China Madame Curie （1867~1934）Poland discoverer of radium the Nobel Prize twice 1903 physics 1911 chemistry Father of the Chinese space programme

Who is he/she? and their nationality &title? 1.Archimedes (287~212BC) 阿基米德 Ancient Greek Mathematician physicist 2. Charles Darwin (1809~1882) 查理士 达尔文 British biologist 3. Thomas Newcomen (1663~1729) 托马斯 纽科门 British engineer 4. Gregor Mendel (1822~1884) 格雷戈尔·孟德尔 Austrian botanist 5. Marie Curie (1867~1934) 玛丽·居里 Polish Physicist chemist James Watt (1736-1819) B. inventor founder of the science of genetics

Who is he/she? and their nationality &title? 6. Thomas Edison (1847~1931) 托马斯·爱迪生 American inventor 7. Leonardo da Vinci (1452~1519) 达·芬奇 Italian painter engineer scientist 8. Sir Humphry Davy (1778~1829) 汉弗莱·戴维 British chemist 9. Zhang Heng (78~139) 张衡 Chinese astronomer 10. Stephen Hawking (1942~) 史蒂芬·霍金 British physicist

What do you think the most important qualities are as a scientist? interest curiosity cleverness/intelligence diligence/hard work honesty … new ideas in scientific research

Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research? (P1 Pre-reading ) Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research? Draw a conclusion Think of a method Collect results Make a question Find a problem Analyse the results Find supporting evidence 得出结论 找出研究方法 收集材料 形成研究主题 发现问题 分析材料 找其它证据

Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research? (P1 Pre-reading ) Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research? Draw a conclusion Think of a method Collect results Make a question Find a problem Analyse the results Find supporting evidence 1.Find a problem 2.Make a question 3.Think of a method 4.Collect results 5.Analyse results 6.Find supporting evidence 7.Draw a conclusion

The passage is written following the stages: John Snow Defeats “King Cholera” deadly infectious = causing death = that can be spread quickly SARS Bird flu AIDS

Read the first and last sentences of each para. Steps: Which para. 1. Find a problem 2. Make a question 3. Think of a method 4. Collect results 5. Analyse results 6. Find supporting evidence 7. Make a conclusion Para 1 Para 2 Para 3 Para 4 Para 5 Para 6 Para 6 Solution Para 7

Para.1 The harm of Cholera: The problem : Find a problem deadly Many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. whenever cholera broke out. The problem : Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.

√ Para.2 The likely reasons: Para.3 The way of researching: Make up a question The likely reasons: Cholera spread in the air. People absorbed this disease into their body with their meals. √ Para.3 Think of a method The way of researching: By enquiring and gathering information on a map.

His preliminary(初步的) conclusion: Para.4 Collect results What he found: many deaths were near the water pump. some houses had had no deaths. → a valuable clue about the cause His preliminary(初步的) conclusion: water was to blame.

His preliminary(初步的) conclusion was __________from his findings.. Analyse the result Para.5 What to do? what to find? looked into the source of their drinking water →found it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. told people to remove the handle from the pump → found the disease slowed down His preliminary(初步的) conclusion was __________from his findings.. proved

What is the supporting evidence? Para.6 Find supporting evidence What is the supporting evidence? Two other people in another part of London died after drinking the water. His preliminary(初步的) conclusion was proved __________. further His final conclusion: Para.6 announced with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.

Para.7 Solution What did John do after his discovery? should suggested that the water supplies be examined The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water. = officially tell somebody to do …

Read and put the stages into the reading: Steps: What? 1. Find a problem 2. Make a question 3. Think of a method 4. Collect results 5. Analyse results 6. Find supporting evidence 7. Make a conclusion What caused cholera? Was the disease absorbed into bodies with meals? Asked/gathered information on… Many deaths were near the water pump. Some houses had no deaths. looked into the source of the water for the people Two other deaths in another part of London were linked to the water. Polluted water carried the virus.

Discussion: What should you do if you're travelling a country where there is a cholera outbreak? …

Read the passage again and fill in the blanks: John Snow was a well-known ____ in London in the ___ century. He wanted to find the ______ of cholera in order to ______ it. In 1854 when a cholera ____ out, he began to gather information. He _____ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that they had drunk the water from the ______ nearby. Then he _________ the source of the water and found it came from the river _____ by the dirty water from London. Later, he also found two other deaths in another part of London were ______to the water. So he ______certainly that polluted water carried the virus. doctor/physician cause 19th defeat broke marked pump looked into polluted linked announced

Besides, he suggested that the source of all water supplies be _______ Besides, he suggested that the source of all water supplies be _______. And the water companies were _________ to provide people with clean drinking water. examined instructed