By Kenny Tripp and Andrew Ray Eastern Eurasia 1200-1500 By Kenny Tripp and Andrew Ray

I.Mongol Domination in Eastern Eurasia 1200- 1364

The mongol Conquests 1206-1283 Conquered N. China, realms accepted authority of great Khan in Mongolia 1265, Khubilai claimed he was GK, others refused 1271 Khubilai founded Yuan empire Conquered south Song, Annam and Champa paid tribute Khubilai worked with Buddhists and Daoist’ Lamas had temporal power

B. The Yuan Empire 1279-1368 Used Chinese gov’t traditions, Capital was Beijing Mongols unified China’s politically fragmented state Tax farming, muslim officials, legal status groups based on function Confucians weak, doctors/merchants elevated Trade rise led to urban gentry, cotton production, population down by 40% War and spread of disease

C. Scientific Exchange Exchange of science, tech, math from Iran to China Iranian Astronomy, algebra/trig, and medical texts and seeds

D. Dispersal Of Mongols 1368 Zhu ends conflict w/ Ming Mongols disrupted overland trade and threatened Ming Held Mongolia, Turkestan, and C. Asia

II. Early Ming Empire 1368 - 1500

Ming China on a Mongol foundation In 1368 Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Empire and ruled as Hongwu. When he returned the capital from Beijing he enlarged and improved the imperial complex the Khubilai had built.

B. Technology and population The economy of Ming China fueled the enrichment of East Asia- and attracted ambitious Europeans. Copper, iron, and steel had become very expensive commodities in China. The materials necessary for building were scarce because the government limited mining materials to reinforce the value of metal coins and to control the tax industry.

Fun fact Alchemists in China used formulas they believed would not only paralyze enemies but also expel evil spirits.

C. The Ming Achievement By the mid 1300’s the Mongols grew cotton in South Korea and gunpowder arrived for the first time. Cotton was primarily a “Cash Crop”.

III. Centralization and Militarism in E. Asia 1200-1500

Korea from Mongols to Yi, 1231 - 1500 Koryo under Mongols Influence, Yuans introduced astronomy, calendars and gunpowder Koryo fell after fall of Yuan, Yi re-established local authority w/ Mongol practices Yi innovations: meteorology, calendar, fertilizer, and cash crops

B. Political Transformation in Japan 1274-1500 1274 Mongol attack failed, shogunate unified lords 1781 second Mongol attack failed from defense and kamikaze Friendship w/ Japan, gov’t hurt from war costs Kamakura destroyed in Civil War Lords developed markets, schools, arts and religious schools Shogun had no power, lords controlled provinces

C. Emergence of Vietnam 1200-1500 2 states, Chinese influenced Annam in N, Indian influenced Champa in S. Mongols got tribute from both Ming ruled Annam until 1428. 1500 Annam spread chinese gov’t over vietnam