Last Friday: Solar System Highlights: Real footage of Saturn & Jupiter

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Presentation transcript:

Last Friday: Solar System Highlights: Real footage of Saturn & Jupiter Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e8_lSgn_gTk

Ideas for finding planets

Technique 1: Radial Velocity

Annular solar eclipse 20 May 2012 Transits http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/05/pictures/120521-solar-eclipse-2012-pictures-annular-science/ Annular solar eclipse 20 May 2012 Source: National Geographic

Transit of Venus – June 5th 2012 Did you see it?It was your last chance! Next transit: Dec. 10-11, 2117

Kepler Space observatory, launched 2009, mission extended to 2016 but recently modified due to failure of reaction wheels on spacecraft Continuously monitors brightness of 150,000 stars in a fixed field of view, looking for planetary transits Earth-like transit produces a brightness change of 84 parts per million and lasts for 13 hours Results so far: 961 confirmed exoplanets in more than 76 stellar systems, and 2,903 unconfirmed planet candidates November 2013: as many as 40 billion habitable Earth-size planets in the galaxy – one out of every five Sun-like stars has a planet the size of Earth in the habitable zone

Billions of planets Studied 42,000 stars from Kepler mission Found 603 planets, including 10 that are Earth size (1-2 Earth-radii) and receive comparable levels of stellar energy to that of Earth (within a factor of four) Account for Kepler's imperfect detectability of such planets by putting signatures of fake planets into data, calculating fraction recovered Fraction of stars with Earth-like planets is about 22% Nearest Earth-like planet may be only 12 light years away!

A real-life Tatooine Kepler 16-b, a Jupiter size planet orbiting a binary sun Extra-twist: The 2-star+planet system is in turn orbited by another binary star pair