1. The condition of the atmosphere at a particular time and place
Weather
2. Envelope of gases surrounding the planet…
Atmosphere
3. Water in the form of gas…
Water vapor
1. The amount of gas in a given volume of air…
Density
2. Force pushing on an area…
Air pressure
3. Instrument to measure air pressure…
Barometer
4. Tube on a dish of mercury…
Mercury barometer
5. Barometer without liquid…
Aneroid barometer
3. Instrument to measure temperature…
Thermometer
5. Measures wind speed
Anemometer
6. Distance above sea level…
Altitude
1. What are the four main areas of the atmosphere?
Troposphere-Stratosphere Mesosphere-Thermosphere
2. What happens in the thermosphere?
High temperature-Aurora Borealis
3. What happens in the mesosphere?
Earth is protected from being hit by meteorites
What happens in the troposphere?
Weather occurs.
4. What does the stratosphere contain?
It contains the ozone layer.
1. Energy from the sun…
Electromagnetic waves
6. Transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid…
Convection
7. Transfer of heat by direct contact…
7. Upward movement and down movement of air…
Convection current
Conduction
2. How does sun energy reach the Earth?
Sun energy reaches the Earth as visible light, radiation and ultraviolet radiation.
3. What happens to the sun energy before reaching the surface?
The atmosphere absorbs some light before it reaches the surface.
4. Energy from the sun…
Electromagnetic waves
5. Transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves…
Radiation
6. One form of electromagnetic energy…
Infrared rays
7. Invisible form of violet light…
Ultraviolet rays
The ozone hole
Sun energy reaches the Earth as visible light, radiation and ultraviolet radiation.
The movement of a fluid, caused by differences in temperature, that transfers hear from one part of the fluid to another
Convection Current
The movement of air parallel to Earth’s surface.
Wind
Temperature and precipitation during a long period of time
Climate
Direction of the winds and currents because of the Earth’s rotation
The movement of air…
Wind
Wind blowing over short distances…
Local wind
Wind blowing from ocean/lake to land…
Sea breeze
Wind blowing from land to ocean or lake…
Land breeze
Wind blowing over long distances…
Global winds
Winds affected by the rotation of the Earth…
Coriolis effect
What happens to the energy that heats land and water?
Some goes back as infrared radiation.
Measure of energy of motion…
Thermal energy
Average amount of energy of motion…
Temperature
19. Dust dispersing light in the atmosphere…
Scattering
20. Gases turning to heat in the Earth’s atmosphere…
Greenhouse effect
4. Thermal energy from hotter to cooler objects
Heat
The process in which increased cooling wind
Wind-chill Factor
Winds that blow over short distances
Local Winds
Winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances
Global Winds
The distance from the equator, measured in degrees.
Latitude
What causes surface currents?
They are driven mainly by winds.
Climate event in the Pacific Ocean
El Nino
Moving water that flows through the ocean.
Current
How do waves affect the shore?
They deposit sand and form a sandbar.
How do waves form?
When wind blows across the surface of the water.
A wall outward from the beach…
Groin
A rush of water that flows back to the sea…
Rip current
The movement of sand along the beach…
Long shore drift
A wave far below the ocean surface…
Tsunami
The vertical distance from crest to trough…
Wave height
The number of waves that pass a point in a certain amount of time…
Frequency
The horizontal distance between crests..
Wavelength
The movement of water through a body of water…
Wave