Chapter 02: The Internet, the Web, and Electronic Commerce

The Internet and the Web The Internet is the largest global network, connecting smaller networks worldwide The Internet was launched in 1969 National computer network US funded project called ARPANET The World Wide Web or WWW was introduced in 1991 at USA Father of WWW-Tim Burners Lee Most developed network system currently in use; connects people all over the world Originally started in 1969 when US funded a research project (ARPANET— Advanced Research Project Agency Network) CERN – Center for European Nuclear Research World Wide Web (Web) is a part of the Internet – not the Internet; introduced in 1992 by consortium in Switzerland. Originally started as research and text-based network to exchange research ideas from university to university Developed into a network of networks One of the most powerful tools of the 21st century How would your life be different if the Internet did not exist? Internet & Web further clarified Internet is the actual physical network comprised of wires, cables (Key Term), & satellites Being connected to the network is often referred to as being online (Key Term) The Web is a multimedia interface to resources available on the internet

Internet Vs WWW Internet: The Internet is a massive network of networks, a networking infrastructure. It connects millions of computers together globally, forming a network in which any computer can communicate with any other computer World Wide Web, or simply Web, is a way of accessing information over the medium of the Internet. It is an information-sharing model that is built on top of the Internet.

Model of Internet

Client and Server

Working of Internet Router A Router B ISP fiber optic lines Access Point Google Server ISP: Internet Service Provider DNS: Domain Name Server www.google.com DNS

The Internet and How We Connect to It Using an ISP Explain what the Internet is

The Internet and How We Connect to It Using an ISP Define an Internet Service Provider and its purpose

The Internet and How We Connect to It Using an ISP Describe how you connect to the Internet through the ISP and the ISP’s relationship to the Internet

The Internet and How We Connect to It Using an ISP Identify and describe the different connection options that ISPs can provide

The Internet and How We Connect to It Using an ISP Identify and describe the levels of service offered by an ISP

How Information is Sent When Using an ISP Define and explain that the most important protocol of the Internet is the Internet Protocol (IP).

Common Internet Uses Communication Online Shopping Searching Exchange e-mail Discussion groups Online Shopping Searching Virtual libraries Entertainment Education or e-learning Share Information Most common Internet applications Communicating - sending e-mail and discussion group participation You can chat live with others Ask students what chat software they use Shopping – fastest-growing applications Searching - using virtual libraries Entertainment – music downloads; integration of TV and PC Education or e-learning (Key Term) You can take classes on almost any subject (Key Term) Replace with new Figure 2-18. Replace with new Figure 2-23. New screen capture.

Access- ISP Common way to access the Internet is through a Commercial Internet Service Providers (ISP) National Service Providers Wireless service providers The common way to access the Internet is through a provider or host computer Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - already connected to the Internet -- furnish a pathway for other users Typical providers include: Colleges and universities – usually “free” Internet service providers (ISP) (Key Term)can be local (regional) or national Ask students to identify various ISPs used in their environment Types of service providers National – like Comcast, Qwest, and Verizon Wireless No telephone lines used Provide connection through wireless modems (Key Term) Client-server network is comprised of users that are connected to a ISP via a variety of connecting technologies (dial-up (Key Term), telephone connections, wireless modems, DSLs (Key Term), etc…) The users computer is the client that requests services from the provider’s computer or server

Browsers Programs that provide access to Web resources Allow you to surf the Internet Popular Web browsers include: Mozilla Firefox Apple Safari Microsoft Internet Explorer Google Chrome Opera Address or location of the resource must be specified URL Browsers allow you to search or surf (Key Term) the Web Navigate, search for information and communicate using the Web Use URL (uniform resource locator) (Key Term) to connect to other resources

URLs Uniform Resource Locators All URLs have at least two parts Protocol Domain name Top-level domains (TLDs) provide further information about the website Two parts to URL: protocol (Key Term), rules for exchanging data between computers (usually http://); domain name (Key Term) also known as a top-level domain (Key Term) or server where the resource is located (www.mtv.com)

This address is for an Internet server that uses The hypertext transfer protocol. This site belongs to a company named Glencoe. This site is on the part of the Internet known as the World Wide Web. To find the specific Web pages that accompany this book, your browser follows the URL’s path to a folder named “norton,” then to a subfolder named “online.”

More on Browsers Browsers interpret HTML commands Hypertext Markup Language Contained in a document Display document as a Web page Browser is software that allows users to navigate the Web and read the multimedia formatted pages Connect to Web sites using URL addresses (uniform resource locator) Document is sent to computer usually coded in HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) (Key Term) or some variation Interprets the HTML codes displaying page May contain Hyperlinks (Key Term) -- allow users to quickly connect to other pages or Web sites Graphics Text Multimedia elements Web server– the computer that stores and shares graphics, test, audio & video clip files Web pages contain links (Key Term) to programs called applets (Key Term) These are special programs written in a programming language called Java (Key Term) These programs can be quickly downloaded and run by most browsers

Communication Most popular Internet activity Types of communication Electronic Mail (E-Mail) Instant Messaging Social Networking Communication is the most popular Internet activity Types of communications: Email (Key Term) Instant Messaging (Key Term) Social Networking (Key Term)

E-Mail Transmission of electronic messages over the Internet Basic parts Header Address Subject Attachment Message Signature Line E-mail or electronic mail (Key Term) Transmission of electronic messages over the Internet Has three basic parts: header (Key Term), message (Key Term), and signature line (Key Term) Header (Key Term) Address (Key Term) Subject (Key Term) – very important to include this in a message Attachments (Key Term) Return

E-Mail Address Example Internet uses the domain name system (DNS), which gives names and numbers to people and computers Address (Key Term) has two parts User name - identifies unique user or computer in the domain Domain name (Key Term) - references a specific organization Top-level domain code identification includes geographical location or organizational identification .com = commercial .edu = education and research .org = organizations (usually non-profit) .net = major network centers (usually easier to access than commercial) .gov = government Return

Spam Junk and/or unwanted e-mail Computer viruses or destructive programs are often attached to unsolicited email CAN-SPAM Act Spam blockers use a variety of approaches to identify and control spam Spam blockers are also referred to as: Junk mail filters Anti-spam programs Spam (Key Term) – unsolicited e-mail Distraction, Nuisance Computer viruses (Key Term) can also be attached to spam Spam blockers (Key Term) use a variety of different approaches to identify and eliminate spam CAN-SPAM Act requires that every marketing related email provide an opt- out option Tips to blocking spam: Choose a complex address Keep a low profile Don’t ever respond to spam Use ez-mail filter options Use anti-spam Return

Instant Messaging Extension of email that provides direct, live communication between two or more people Instant messaging programs also include: Video conferencing features File sharing Remote assistance Most widely used instant messaging services: AOL’s Instant Messenger Microsoft’s MSN Messenger Yahoo Messenger Instant Messaging (Key Term) Extension of email that allows two or more people to contact each other via direct, live communication To use instant message, specify list of friends (Key Term) and register with an instant messaging server Some services include video and file-sharing Different services do not always play well together. Universal instant messenger (Key Word) programs are being developed (i.e. Digsby, Pidgin, Qnext), to overcome this limitation. Direct students to p. 35 for table on Spam Blocker(s) Return

Social Networking One of the fastest growing uses of the Internet Three basic categories: Reuniting sites Friend-of-a-friend sites Common interest sites Social Networking (Key Term) One of the fastest growing uses of the Internet Connecting individuals to one another Three basic categories Reunite – member databases used for finding long lost friends (Classmates Online and Facebook) Friend of a friend – connecting friends of friends via profile information (Friendster and MySpace) Common interest – connecting those with common interests or hobbies Consider carefully the information you are disclosing when joining social networking sites. Return

Blogs, Microblogs, and Wikis Web logs or blogs – postings that are date- and time-stamped and then arranged with the most recent items shown first Microblogs – short status updates or sentences that answer the question: What are you doing now? Wiki – a specially designed Web site that allows visitors to edit the contents (e.g., fill in missing information) Popular blogs include Blogger and WordPress Twitter is the most popular microblog Wikipedia is an example of using a wiki as an online encyclopedia

Search Tools Search engines Metasearch engines Specialized search engines Content Evaluation Specialized programs that assist you in locating information on the Web and the Internet Search services (Key Term) help you locate information; they maintain the database that helps you get where you want Special programs called spiders (Key Term) continually look for information and updated services Search engines (Key Term) – assist you to locate information Use keyword search (Key Term); know “rules” i.e. use + or quotes to look for phrases rather than individual words Use directory search (Key Term) – list of categories or topics; also known as index search (Key Term) Examples AOL Ask Jeeves Google Bing Yahoo! Metasearch engines (Key Term) – programs that automatically submit your search request to several search engines simultaneously Specialized search engines (Key Term) - Programs that focus on subject specific Web sites

Search Engines Specialized programs to assist in locating information Types of searches Keyword search Directory search Keyword search (Key Term) – enter a keyword or a phrase reflecting the information you want Returns a number of hits (Key Term) Each hit includes a hyperlink Directory search (Key Term) Known as an index search Select a category or topic that fits the information you want Note: a recent study by the NEC Research Institute found that any one search engine includes only a fraction of the informational sources on the Web. Therefore, it is good to use more than one search engine when researching important topics. Return

Metasearch Engines Return Programs that automatically submit your search request to several engines simultaneously The engine receives the results, eliminates duplicates, orders hits, and then provides the edited list to you Return

Specialized Search Engines Programs that focus on subject specific Web sites Specialized sites can potentially save you time by narrowing your search Return

Entertainment Online Games Streaming Music and Video(Youtube,Netflix) Online radio Web Casting

Education-Elearning Khan Academy. Coursera. ... W3 Schools. ... Codecademy. ... Open Culture. ... Tutorialpoint Academic Earth.

Online Sharing-Cloud Basic components include: Clients: corporations and end-users who want access to data, programs, and storage anywhere and anytime a connection to the Internet is available Service providers: organizations that are willing to provide (sometimes for a fee) access to software and storage Internet connectivity Two critical factors that determine the efficiency of cloud computing The speed and reliability of the user’s access to the Internet Internet’s capability to provide safe and reliable transmission of data and programs

Open Ended Questions (Page 2 of 2) Describe electronic commerce, including business-to-consumer, consumer-to-consumer, and business-to-business e-commerce. What is cloud computing? Describe the three basic components of cloud computing. Have students turn to the end of Chapter 2 in their textbooks to view the same “Open-Ended” questions/statements