MAIN FINDINGS OF NEEDS ASSESSMENT EXERCISE More Effective and Sustainable Investments in Water for Poverty Reduction MAIN FINDINGS OF NEEDS ASSESSMENT EXERCISE Preapared by FAO’s Land and Water Division in collaboration with IWMI ETHIOPIA 1. Introduction The first phase of the GCP/INT/167/IWM project aimed to conduct a needs assessment analysis that allowed the identification of needs, relevance, potential and opportunities for improving the impact and effectiveness of agricultural water management interventions in terms of: research technical assistance training policy support The methodology followed was structured in five main steps: (1) stakeholders’ analysis; (2) inception workshop; (3) interviews and field visits; (4) discussion with country team on the preliminary results; and (5) a validation workshop. All these steps culminated in the preparation of the needs assessment report. This brief presents the main findings of such report. 2. Methodology Stakeholders consulted 17-22 August 2015 Ministry of agriculture Awlalo Woreda Bureau of Agriculture May Quha District Oromia Region Bureau of Agriculture Water Works Design and Supervision Enterprise Oromia Irrigation Development Authority (OIDA Water Works Construction Enterprise Kersa Woreda Bureau of Agriculture, Oromia Arba Minch University Oromia Irrigation Development authority (OIDA) Agricultural Transformation Agency, ATA Small Scale - Micro Irrigation Support Project (SMIS) Bruh Tesfa Irrigation and Water Technology PLC Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Energy, MoWIE May Quha Project Semira project Inception workshop 31 August 2015 It gathered 18 stakeholders from some of the organizations listed in point #1. The following activities were completed: i) project was presented l ii) the stakeholders to interview were defined l iii) challenges, priorities and means of improvement of AWM investments were identified. 3. Interviews and field visits 17-23 September 2015 Overview of the 34 people interviewed Two IFAD supported projects were visited: May Quha irrigation scheme Tigray region 15 wells in 30 ha Semira irrigation scheme Project West Arsi, Oromia region River diversion scheme 4. Validation workshop 05 November 2015 It gathered 12 stakeholders from some of the organizations listed in point #1.

According to the graph, the three most relevant technologies are: MAIN FINDINGS OF NEEDS ASSESSMENT EXERCISE ETHIOPIA 3. Identified relevant AWM interventions in the country The criteria used to define most relevant technologies was their contribution to poverty reduction. The following graph based on the consultations/interviews held within this project. According to the graph, the three most relevant technologies are: Shallow and deep wells Treadle pumps, rope and washer pumps, diesel engine pumps, etc. are commonly used. These are suitable for individual holdings since they are available and affordable. Diversion schemes These are constructed along perennial rivers. Schemes are usually implemented with the assistance of the government, NGO’s, development partners, etc and have rigid water diversion structures. Water harvesting In-situ water conservation practices (small basins, pits, bunds/ridges) and runoff- based systems (catchment and/or storage). More Effective and Sustainable Investments in Water for Poverty Reduction

Views from stakeholders at national level MAIN FINDINGS OF NEEDS ASSESSMENT EXERCISE ETHIOPIA 4. Stakeholder priorities for improving AWM interventions Views from stakeholders at national level Views from farmers Micro irrigation technologies (water saving and lifting technologies and their supply chain) Small-scale (communal) irrigation systems development Capacity development (planning and implementation, on-farm irrigation, O&M, monitoring and evaluation, research, etc.) Water lifting devices Rainwater harvesting Irrigation infrastructure improvement. Capacity development. Rainwater harvesting. Micro irrigation technologies. Supply of inputs and market chains. 5. Identified areas with potential to contribute to better AWM management Field of action Proposed improvements Research Water management under deficit irrigation. Comparative advantages and disadvantages of alternative household AWM technologies, adaptability to local conditions, and opportunities for scaling-up. Markets and socio-economic research. Technical assistance Improving the supply chain of AWM technologies for SSI and MI (including water lifting, saving and seepage sealing technologies) and their services. Capacity development Training farmers and development workers on AWM and irrigation scheduling particularly at field levels. Capacity building on sustainable O&M planning and execution, irrigation infrastructure asset management, and service oriented irrigation systems management. Training on post-harvest technology for perishable products. Policy support Policy dialogue to improve the impacts of AWM interventions in the country. [to clarify and make coherent] mandates and responsibilities of different actors in the AWM sector and integration of the interventions. Support in implementation of bylaws for water users associations and development of internal regulations. More Effective and Sustainable Investments in Water for Poverty Reduction