Introduction and Overview Mayhem in the Markets? Caring about Sharing in the 21st Century City Introduction and Overview Clarence Woudsma School of Planning, University of Waterloo Pragma Council, Fall 2017

Sharing (v) “ to partake of, use, experience, occupy or enjoy with others ( Merriam-Webster) “ Photograph by Getty Images/Flickr Open Photo: I. Petterson/Azote – Stockholm Resilience

Economy “The system of activity connected with the production, trade, and consumption of goods and services of a region, country, or other (not necessarily geographic) area” ( Oxford Dictionary of Economics 2009) ..resources

“The Sharing Economy” collaborative consumption where people offer and share underutilized resources in creative, new ways (Cohen and Kietzmann 2014) an activity facilitated by digital platforms where people rent their skills (such as, driving or computer skills) and make their resources available (such as properties or cars) for money (Statistics Canada, 2016)

“The Sharing Economy” The sharing economy can be defined as the preference to pay for assets or services by consumption or on-demand, rather than owning assets permanently or signing long-term contracts for services.(Deloitte, 2016) The term “sharing” persists despite criticisms A new approach to markets, business models and competition

The rise of the Sharing Economy Internet and smartphones facilitate sharing at scale Pressure from 2008 recession – frugality (extra income – “Rover” and “Wag” ?) Sustainability consciousness (car-bike-share) Deficiencies in existing systems and markets (resource inefficiency) Disruption …. "Planning" means the scientific, aesthetic, and orderly disposition of land, resources, facilities and services with a view to securing the physical, economic and social efficiency, health and well-being of urban and rural communities.

Markets And Perfect Competition Market – any context in which the sale and purchase of goods and services takes place Perfect competition (seldom realized) Large numbers of buyer and sellers – no one influences price Homogenous product produced the same way Perfect information – price, availability, location, future prices free entry into market Make normal profits Market failures, externalities, public goods, monopoly, destructive competition

Markets are MESSY! private public non-profit scales regulations policy Profit Societal goals equity infrastructure https://www.propertytribes.com/uk-house-price-megachart-t-127629517.html

State of the Sharing Economy Sharing business models have emerged in key sectors of the economy, including goods - Rent the Runway professional services -Elance, Transportation - Lyft, Space- Airbnb money -Kickstarter

State of the Sharing Economy Sharing business models have emerged in key sectors of the economy, including goods - Rent the Runway professional services -Elance, Transportation - Lyft, Space- Airbnb money -Kickstarter

State of the Sharing Economy Sharing business models have emerged in key sectors of the economy, including goods - Rent the Runway professional services -Elance, Transportation - Lyft, Space- Airbnb money -Kickstarter

The City…why it matters Significant impacts on core municipal spheres of mobility and housing Tax base, public safety, liability “sharing economy initiatives are being shaped by zoning codes, hotel and taxi licensing regulations, transit and all manner of distinctly local policy ( City of Guelph,2017) Range of new business models Source: https://redd.it/6s7u3l

The City…why it matters Opportunies Better services and cost savings Improve sustainability jobs Challenges Precarious employment Reduce consumer protection Uneven services Lack of independent data ( City of Guelph,2017) Source: https://redd.it/6s7u3l

Broad questions What are the impacts of sharing economy activity? What is the right policy response? How is the platform economy sustainable? How are our cities changing and likely to change? How do we plan long term? Pop goes the weasel. (Antony Wegener/Pixabay CC0 Public Domain)

Closing thoughts “In the coming years, every aspect of commerce based on the assumption of wholly owned fleets of human-driven, fossil-fuel-powered vehicles will likely be challenged” (Deloitte,2016) “In the context of shared mobility business models, what is the optimal relationship between the service provider and the local government to achieve the common objective of sustainable mobility?” (Cohen and Kietzmann 2014, p 243)

THANK YOU….