Christianity Islam Judaism Hinduism Buddhism Confucianism

Religion an organized system of beliefs, ceremonies, and rules used to worship a God(s)

Types of Religions 1. Monotheistic religions believe in one god. 2. Polytheistic religions believe in many gods. -Fill in definitions for religion, mono and poly in your comp. book.

Religions of the World What do you notice about this graph? What religions have the most followers?

Religions of the World

Religions of the World Red = Christianity, Green = Islam Why do you think this map shows only 2 religions?

Religions of the World Religion Followers Christianity 1.9 billion Islam 1.1 billion Hinduism 781 million Buddhism 324 million Sikhism 19 million Judaism 14 million Click pic for Brainpop Do these numbers surprise you? Why or why not?

MONOTHEISTIC RELIGIONS Monotheism= belief that there is only one god

3 Monotheistic Religions 1. Judaism (2000 BCE/BC) 2. Christianity (26-36 CE/AD) 3. Islam (610 CE/AD)

Judaism Monotheistic - There is one God 2000 BCE/BC Founder: Abraham- is the ‘father’ of the Jewish people. Name of God: Yahweh Founded in: Israel Holy Book = Torah Followers: Jews Basic Beliefs: They are God’s “Chosen People” God revealed his laws to his people through Moses and the Ten Commandments. Video Clip

Write these notes… Judaism Holy Book = Torah God= Yahweh The father is Abraham and Jesus was a prophet Sabbath= Saturday (rest, study, feast, worship) Place of Worship: Synagogue or Temple

Judaism Symbol- Star of David

Judaism Holy Book- Torah

Western Wall The Western Wall is located in the Old City of Jerusalem Construction started: 19 BC Height: 62' (19 m) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HyEaAcPGAhA

Christianity Christianity was heavily influenced by Judaism. Monotheistic - There is one God Around 30 AD/CE in Jerusalem Founder: Jesus Christ (son of God) died for the sins of humankind. Name of God: God (The Trinity: Father, Son, Holy Spirit) Holy Book = Bible Followers: Christians Basic Beliefs: 1. Jesus Christ (son of God) died for the sins of humankind. 2. Salvation comes from faith in God. Video Clip

Christianity

Christians People who follow Christianity are called Christians. Although there are many different types of Christians, they all believe in Jesus Christ.

Symbols The main symbol of Christianity is the cross or crucifix, it reminds Christians that Jesus died for them by being hung on the cross. Christians have lots of symbols. Candles represent the light that Jesus brings to the world. Water represents cleanliness, washing away sins, and new beginnings.

Christianity Symbol- Cross

Holy Days/Festivals Christians celebrate many festivals and holy days each year. The most exciting are Christmas and Easter. Christmas celebrates the birth of Jesus and Easter celebrates the time when he rose from the dead.

Christianity Holy Book- Bible Christians believe the Old and New Testaments of the Bible are holy books. The first four books of the New Testament were written by followers of Jesus.

Write these notes… Christianity Holy Book= Bible Believe Jesus is the son of God and was sent to save mankind Sunday is their Sabbath (day of rest and worship)

Islam Islam is a monotheistic religion Monotheistic - There is one God named Allah 610 CE/AD in a city named Mecca Founder: Muhammed Name of God: Allah Holy Book = Koran Followers: Muslims Basic Beliefs: 1. Five Pillars of Faith Islam was founded by the Prophet Muhammed. Video Clip

Islam

Islam 5 Pillars of Faith The Five Pillars or central teachings of Islam are: A statement of faith Prayer (five times a day in the direction of Mecca) Charity Pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in your lifetime (called the Hajj) Fasting (during the month of Ramadan)

Islam Holy Book- Qur'an (Koran) The teachings of Muhammed were collected into a book called the Qur’an (Koran).

Islam Place of Worship- Mosques.

Islam Symbol-Crescent and Star

Dome of the Rock

Mecca

Notes Page Islam Holy Book = Quaran Mecca is their spiritual capital (expected to go there at least once in their life) They have 5 pillars (rules) & pray 5 times a day

Video Clip Monotheistic Religions

POLYTHEISTIC RELIGIONS

2 Polytheistic Religions Hinduism Buddhism Confucianism

Hinduism Hinduism is one of the oldest religions in the world. It is a polytheistic religion Originated in South Asia, present day India, around 2500 B.C.E. Video Clip

Hinduism Brahman- refers to a supreme spirit. Atman- is the spirit or soul of a person Hindus believe that the goal of life is to reach nirvana. Nirvana - a state of perfect happiness; an ideal or idyllic place. Hindus believe in reincarnation and karma. A person dies, then lives again, until they finally reach nirvana. Karma-a person's actions in this life is viewed as deciding their fate in future lives.

Hinduism Holy Books- Several holy books called Vedas Upanishads The epics the Mahabharata and Ramayana.

Hinduism Caste System The caste system is a system of social organization in India. When a person is born they are born into one of four castes or as an Untouchable This system has led to discrimination and has been outlawed in India. Hindus still debate whether the caste system is part of Hinduism or an outdated social custom.

Hinduism Caste System Brahmans: Teachers and priests. Kshatriyas: Warriors, nobles, and kings. Vaishyas: Farmers, merchants, and businessmen. Shudras: Servants and laborers. The Untouchables The Untouchables

Notes Page- Write ALL words I wrote, in Hinduism box on your notes sheet Began in India, some say it is world’s oldest polytheistic religion Have 4 life goals (basically to live positively) Reincarnation and Karma

Buddhism Buddhism is related to Hinduism and shares many of the same basic beliefs. Buddhism was founded by a man named Siddhartha who was born as a prince. The relationship between Buddhism and Hinduism is similar to the relationship between Christianity and Judaism. Video Clip

Buddhist must follow the 8 fold path to reach nirvana Eight Fold Path Buddhist must follow the 8 fold path to reach nirvana

Buddhism

Notes Page Buddhism Started by Siddhartha Guatama (aka Buddha) Live by the 4 Noble Truths (eliminate desire = no more suffering) The way to a good life is by living the 8 fold path

Confucius Born in 551 B.C. died in 479 B.C.

Confucianism Concerned primarily with restoring social stability and order What is the basis of a stable, unified, and enduring social order? a system of social and ethical philosophy “only when character is cultivated are our families regulated; only when families are regulated are states well governed.”

Confucianism Li Ren rituals, norms, institutions, or traditions the outer, conforming aspect of Confucianism Ren humaneness, love, kindness, compassion, or virtue the inner, reforming aspect of Confucianism

Li Rites, ceremonies, proper behavior, and good manner performed in good faith, with everyone keeping to his or her proper role universal harmony no need for physical sanctions, laws, or punishment

Ren Relationship between "two persons” extension of filial piety to all human beings each role in the hierarchy of social relations had clearly defined duties reciprocity or mutual responsibility

Five relationships father-child ruler-subject husband-wife elder brother-younger brother friend-friend

Confucianism Persecuted in Qin Dynasty promoted by later rulers 221 B.C. - 206 B.C. promoted by later rulers

Video Clip 5 World Religions

In today’s China