Part II: A little more modern, a little more Global II Key Leaders Part II: A little more modern, a little more Global II

Maximilien Robespierre France Key in the French Revolution. Most known for the Reign of Terror 1793-1794, where 40,000 people were killed including King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. He was also killed in the Reign of Terror. :)

Napoleon France Names himself emperor of France after Revolution. Makes the Napoleonic Code which makes all men equal under the law.

Suleiman the Magnificent Ottoman Empire Controlled the Ottoman Empire. Created new laws. Makes Ottoman Empire very powerful in Europe/Asia

Mustafa Kemal Turkey Father of the Turks, first modern president of Turkey. He westernized Turkey

Giuseppe Garibaldi Italy Led Italian troops to Sicily, fought with the red shirts and conquered Sicily. Responsible for helping with the reunification of Italy.

Benito Mussolini Italy First Fascist leader of Italy. Believed in the state above the individual. Expanded Italy’s empire. Teamed up with Hitler and lost WWII.

Johan Gutenberg Germany Invented the Printing press

Otto von Bismarck Germany Prime Minister of Prussia and unified Germany with the policy of blood and iron.

Adolph Hitler Germany German leader, brought Germany out of Great Depression. Also responsible for starting WWII and the Holocaust

Vladimir Lenin Russia Led the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917. Helped build communism in Russia. Worked to rebuild the Russian economy after WWI

Joseph Stalin Russia New leader after Lenin’s death. Rebuilt Russia into a steel producing machine. Tried to boost agriculture and industry with his five-year plans. Millions of people died under his harsh totalitarian rule but he turned Russia into a world power.

Mikhail Gorbachev Russia Russian leader who is responsible for the collapse of Russia. Used policies like glasnost (openness) and perestroika (economic reforms).

Boris Yeltsin Russia Took over as president after the fall of USSR. Tried to help rebuild Russia to a direction of greater political liberty. New markets and democracy.

Sun Yat-Sen China First democratic leader of China, three principles, led the Chinese Revolution in 1911.

Chiang Kai-Shek China Ruled China until the Communist takeover. Retreated to Taiwan and governed from there, The Republic of China until 1975.

Mao Zedong China Communist leader, who ruled China, was responsible for the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution. Both killed millions of Chinese people.

Deng Xiaoping China Leader after Moa Zedong, tried to put elements of capitalism into Chinese economy. Tiananmen Square massacre – did not allow democracy

Toussaint L’Ouverture Haiti One of the driving forces in the Haitian Revolution. He fought against the French to fight for independence.

Jose de San Martin South America, Argentina Leader of the struggle for independence from Spain of the southern nations of South America. With Simón Bolívar in the north, San Martín is seen as one of the Liberators of Argentina, Chile and Peru

Simon Bolivar Venezuela Credited with leading the fight for independence in what are now the countries of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Panama and Bolivia, he is revered as a hero.

Hernán Cortes Spain Spanish conquistador that conquered Mexico and the Aztecs. Helped expand Spanish empire into the new world

Francisco Pizzaro Spain Spanish conquistador, conqueror of Peru, and conquered the Incan Empire. Helped expand Spanish empire into the new world

Porfirio Diaz Mexico Corrupt president of Mexico who took land from peasants. His rule started the Mexican Revolution

Emiliano Zapata Mexico One of the leaders during the Mexican Revolution in 1910 “The Attila of the South’.

Pancho Villa Mexico One of the leaders during the Mexican Revolution in 1910

Fidel Castro Cuba Led the Cuban Revolution, brought communism to Cuba during the Cold War.

Nelson Mandela South Africa Ended apartheid (segregation) in South Africa, first black president of South Africa.

Kwame Nkrumah Ghana Named First president of Ghana after fighting for independence from Britain in the 40’s and 50’s. Considered an influential African Nationalist Leader

Jomo Kenyatta Kenya Overthrew British control. He is considered the founding father of the Kenyan Nation.

Mohandas Gandhi India Fought for Indian independence, protested using non-violence. Great Salt March, and the Quit India campaign helped win support. Indian won independence in 1947.

Jawaharlal Nehru India Helped Indian independence movement, the first Prime Minister of independent India 1947-1964

Theodor Herzl Jewish Nationalist Leader Started the call for Zionism, the call for a Jewish home state in Palestine. Jews finally received this in 1948

Ho Chi Minh Vietnam Established communist control in part of Vietnam. Fought in Vietnam War with the US to gain control of all Vietnam.

Lech Walesa Poland Co-founded Solidarity, the Soviet bloc's first independent trade union, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983, served as President of Poland from 1990 to 1995. Helped free Poland from communism and rebuild its economy

Pol Pot Cambodia Responsible for the Khmer Rouge, this was the killing of Cambodians in 1976-1979. He tried to create a classless society based on communism

Show some slides of toul sleng

Slobodan Milosevic Serbia, Yugoslavia Responsible for the ethnic cleansing of Muslims in Kosovo

Slide from modern issuses.

Winston Churchill Great Britain Prime Minister during WWII that helped defeat Adolf Hitler.