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Introduction Highly integrated facility producing Methyl Amines for use in Higher Amines and Amine Derivatives Facility was constructed in 1974 with major upgrades in 1990 and 2000 Facility consists of six units: Oil and Gas (CO/H 2 Production) Unit Methyl Amines (MMA, DMA, TMA) Plant 46,000 MTA Higher Amines Plant 24,000 MTA Dimethyl Formamide (DMF) Plant 24,000 MTA Dimethyl Amine Ethanol (DMAE) Plant 7,000 MTA Choline Chloride (Vitamin B12) Plant 14,000 MTA

Several attractive pieces of equipment Compressors Wiped Film Evaporator Mechanical Extractor Column Glass Lined Reactor Larger High Pressure Reactors (600 PSIG) of CS and SS Various SS Columns and Exchangers Process has been water washed and is ready for dismantlement 57 acres of land, two thirds undeveloped Introduction

Oil/Gas Unit (CO & H 2 Production)

Oil/Gas Unit Summary This unit produces carbon monoxide (which is a feedstock for the DMF production process) by the partial oxidation of natural gas in oxygen using Texaco gasification technology. Natural gas is supplied by pipeline from Transco (via Terra), and oxygen is supplied by pipeline from BOC. The Oil Gas Plant is located in the north-eastern corner of the site. By-products of this reaction are hydrogen and carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is removed with potassium carbonate solution (Benfield CO 2 removal process) and vented, while the hydrogen is either flared-off or sent by pipeline to Terra for use as a fuel in its ammonia plant. Further separation is performed with membranes to achieve a 70/30 mix of CO/H 2. Arsenic trioxide (a corrosion inhibitor) is used within the Oil Gas Plant as a coating to the majority of the finishing process equipment. Chemistry: Heat + CH 4 + ½ O 2 CO + 2H 2 Side Reactions include 3S + CH 4 + ½ O 2 2H 2 S + COS CH 4 + 2O 2 CO 2 + 2H 2 O

Oil/Gas Unit Process Flow

Methyl Amines Unit (Mono, Di and Tri Methyl Amines Production)

Methyl Amines Unit Summary This is a CONTINUOUS operation and is the heart of the plant and is by far the largest unit with a capacity of 46,000 MTA mixed amines production. This unit produces monomethylamine (MMA), dimethylamine (DMA) and trimethylamine (TMA) from the reaction of methanol and ammonia. Methanol and Ammonia is delivered via pipeline from a Terra site Methanol storage area and from Terras ammonia plant. Up to approximately 1,800 tons of methylamines (anhydrous and aqueous) are stored at the site in 13 large above ground bulk storage tanks, situated adjacent to the plant in the north-western area of the site. Chemistry: Ammonia & Methanol Monomethylamine & Water Monomethylamine & Methanol Dimethylamine & Water Dimethylamine & Methanol Trimethylamine & Water For Methyl Amines Process Description Click Here

Methyl Amines Unit Process Flow

Higher Amines Unit

Higher Amines Unit Summary This unit takes the lower amines from the Methyl Amines plant and attaches them to a higher molecular weight molecule such as Ethanol, I-Propanol and Butanol. This is followed by hydrogenation in a 300 PSIG shell and tube carbon steel reaction vessel with catalyst. Separation follows in a series of six columns and evaporators. The wiped film evaporator in this unit has never been used.

Di-methyl Formamide Unit (DMF)

DMF Unit Summary DMF is a CONTINOUS operation produced by the reaction of DMA (from the Methylamines Plant) and carbon monoxide (from the Oil Gas Plant) at a capacity of 24,000 MTA. The DMF Plant is located between the Methylamines Plant and the Oil Gas Plant at the northern area of the site. Approximately 800 tons of DMF is stored at the site in two large tanks, located adjacent to the north side of the plant. Sodium methoxide (received as a solution in methanol) is used as a catalyst in the manufacture of DMF. Chemistry: Sodium Methoxide in Methanol Catalyst Dimethylamine & Carbon Monoxide Dimethylformamide For Di-methyl Formamide Process Description Click Here

DMF Unit Process Flow

Di-methyl Amine Ethanol (DMAE) Unit

DMAE Unit Summary This unit has CONTINUOUS front end and a BATCH distillation operation. This derivatives unit produces DMAE by the reaction of DMA (piped from methylamines plant) and ethylene oxide (EO) at a capacity of 7,000 MTA. Crude DMAE is purified in a continuous distillation unit. The resulting product is then stabilized by hydrogenation in the hydro-refining column using a Palladium catalyst. Approximately 700 tons of DMAE is stored at the site in eight large tanks, located to the north and south of the plant. Chemistry: (CH 2 ) 2 O Ethylene Oxide + (CH 3 ) 2 NH Dimethylamine (CH 3 )2NC 2 H 4 OH Dimethylaminoethanol For DMAE Process Description Click Here

Choline Chloride Unit (Vitamin B12 for Chicken Feed)

Choline Chloride Unit Summary This unit has BATCH front end (reaction) and a CONTINUOUS distillation operation. This derivatives unit produces Choline Chloride at the rate of 14,000 MTA by the reaction of TMA (from Methylamines Plant) with hydrochloric acid and then EO in a glass lined, batch reactor. Crude choline chloride is purified in a continuous glass distillation column. Piping in this plant is primarily glass lined or Titanium. Heat exchangers are primarily carbon block. Approximately 200 tons of aqueous choline chloride is stored at the site in four tanks, located adjacent to the west side of the plant. Hydrochloric acid is stored in a tank, adjacent to the east side of the plant. Chemistry: Neutralization HCI (aq) + (CH 3 )3N (liq) Trimethylamine [(CH3)2NH]+ Cl (aq) Trimethyl Ammonium Hydrochloride (Salt) Ethoxylation [(CH 3 )3NH] + Cl (aq) + CH2-O-CH2 (liq) [(CH3)3NCH2CH2OH]+ Cl (aq) Ethylene OxideCholine Chloride For Choline Chloride Process Description Click Here

Choline Chloride Process Flow

Equipment For Oil and Gas Equipment List Click Here For Methyl Amines (MA) Equipment List Click Here For Higher Amines Equipment List Click Here For Di-methyl Formamide (DMF) Equipment List Click Here For Di-methyl Amine Ethanol (DMAE) Equipment List Click Here For Choline Chloride (CC) Equipment List Click Here For EOD Equipment List Click Here For Export Equipment List Click Here For Maintenance Equipment List Click Here

Contact Information MICHAEL JOACHIM DIRECTOR, PLANTS DEPT. Tele: (direct) Mobile: SANJEEV REGE VP GLOBAL PLANT SALES Tele: (direct) Mobile: NARENDRA VASWANI SALES MGR., FAR EAST Tele: Mobile: