PHQ2 Screening Negative PHQ2 Screening Positive Quality of Life among Self-Reported Prostate Cancer Individuals with Depression Gressler LE, Payakachat N lgressler@uams.edu College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA INTRODUCTION RESULTS Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men, affecting one in every three men.1 This generates about 200,000 new cases of prostate cancer each year.2 Even though the life expectancy for patients with prostate cancer has increased significantly, many patients still experience a decline in general health, a risk of low testosterone, lifelong erectile dysfunction, urinary incontinence, and other long-lasting treatment effects. These physical symptoms may greatly affect the mental health of these patients. The morbidity of depression is under recognized and, therefore, is also more likely to be inadequately treated. This can lead to indirect healthcare costs, such as decreased medical adherence, increased hospital stays, and possible suicides. OBJECTIVE Compared their Quality of Life (QoL) to the US norms Determined factors associated with the QoL Explored impact of depression on QoL The average PCS12 and MCS12 scores were 52.4 and 43.3, respectively. Participants reported prostate cancer aged 45-54 had significantly lower PCS12 and MCS12 scores than the US norm. Regression analysis indicated that a higher degree of education (p<0.001), and employment status (p<0.001) were factors associated with higher mental health component scores. Age (p<0.001) and unemployment (p<0.001) were associated with lower physical health scores. A higher degree of education (p<0.001) and increased income (p=0.037) were contributed to increased physical health scores. 19.8% had a PHQ2 score of 2 or higher and therefore screened positive for depression. Factors associated with increased PHQ2 scores and positive screening included PCS12 score (p<.0001). Reliability estimates were .862 and .889 for the physical and mental health components of the SF-12 respectively. 10.67% Table 1: Comparison of Mean PCS12 Scores of patients with prostate cancer and the U.S. norms   Mean Standard Error U.S. Norm Mean Difference SF-12 Physical Health Component Between 18 and 44 years old 53.7 1.69 52.45 1.25 Between 45 and 54 years old 46.1 1.71 51.01 -4.91 Between 55 and 64 years old 47.6 0.79 49.36 -1.76 Older than 65 years old 41.9 0.39 45.53 -3.63 All 43.3 0.35 SF-12 Mental Health Component 51.5 3.98 48.42 3.08 50.5 1.59 50.08 0.42 51.2 0.68 52.94 -1.74 52.8 0.31 53.67 -0.87 52.4 0.28 METHODS Study Design: A cross-sectional, retrospective database study Database: We extracted data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). MEPS is a national health survey of healthcare costs, health states, and service utilization within the U.S. ambulatory population. Study Population: Men with self-reported prostate cancer above the age of 18 during the five year range from 2009 to 2013. Outcome Measures: QoL was that primary outcome variable and was measured using the SF-12 Health Survey (version 2.0). Physical Component Score (PCS12) Mental Component Score (MCS12) Depression measured by PHQ2 Statistical Analysis: The average PCS12 and MCS12 were calculated for specific age groups and compared to published U.S. norms scores within the respective age groups. A difference of 5 points or greater was considered clinically significant difference. Linear regression was used to explore factors associated with PCS12 and MCS12 scores. Logistic regression was conducted to determine factors associated with positive screening for depression among the prostate cancer population.. All analyses were performed in SAS version 9.3 (Cary, NC) using PROC SURVEY, incorporating the individual person weight, strata, and cluster variables provided by MEPS. Table 2: Comparison of Physical and Mental SF-12 Scores in Positive and Negative Screening of Depression   Mean Standard Error 95% Confidence Interval SF-12 Physical Health Component PHQ2 Screening Negative 44.96 0.3763 44.22-45.70 PHQ2 Screening Positive 36.7 0.7786 35.16-38.23 SF-12 Mental Health Component 55.31 0.2227 54.88-55.75 40.98 0.6232 39.76-42.21 LIMITATIONS This study was a cross-sectional study and, therefore, no causal inferences should be made from the data. The findings did not account for severity of the disease, stage, and type of tumor, nor treatment received due to the limitation of the data. The data were self-reported, therefore, their validity was subject to recall bias. CONCLUSION The findings of the study demonstrated that men diagnosed with prostate cancer have higher mental and physical health scores than the U.S. norms. The results of this study may give clinical insight to physicians treating these patients, especially those with lower education, reduced income, increased age, and decreased physical health scores. RESULTS A total of 1,242 individuals with self-reported prostate cancer were identified in the 5-year time period. A majority of the participants were white (85.97%), 75 or older (76.14%), unemployed (70.05%), married (67.82%), and high school graduates (56.1%). The majority of the population also had high income (48.47%). REFERENCES 1. Landis, S. H., Murray, T., Bolden, S. & Wingo, P. a. Cancer statistics, 1998. CA. Cancer J. Clin. 48, 6–29 (1998). 2. Kassabian, V. & Graham, S. Urologic and Male Genital Cancers. Am. Cancer Soc. Textb. Clin. Oncol. 315 (1995).