Drill What type of transformation do you see in this image? Explain.

Applications of Technology Principles of Design

Architecture What is Architecture? Architecture is the art, science, and profession of planning, designing, and supervising the construction of new buildings, landscapes, communities, and furnishings in their totality, examining their environment in accordance with the principles of utility, strength, and aesthetics.

What are some the Principles of Design? There are six (6) Principles of Design. You have already been introduced to one of them in the previous lesson. Transformation The following are the remaining Principles of Design. Axis Balance Unity Rhythm Hierarchy (Emphasis)

Axis An axis is a line established by two points in space about which forms and spaces can be arranged in a symmetrical or balanced manner. An axis has a beginning and end point, induces movement, and promotes views along the path. The idea of axis may be reinforced by defining edges along the length. Teotihuacan (City of the Gods, Mexico Pyramids of the Sun &Moon, Avenue of the Dead, citadel, and market.

Balance Types of Symmetry Bilateral Radial Asymmetry Symmetry: balanced distribution of equivalent forms, shapes, or spaces on opposite sides of a dividing line or plane, or about a center or axis Types of Symmetry Bilateral Radial Asymmetry

Balance Bilateral symmetry: one plane dividing the whole arrangement into identical halves Monticello, Thomas Jefferson Charlottesville, VA

Balance Radial symmetry: similar halves at any angle around a centerpoint or along a central axis Villa Rotunda, Palladio Vicenza, Italy

Balance The difference between Symmetry and Asymmetry

Balance Asymmetry: creating visual balance without parts being identical

Unity Unity: Consistent use of colors, lines, shapes, forms, or textures to create a cohesive design. How is Unity created in this picture? Unity has been achieved through the color scheme (white and yellow) and with lines (diagonal lines in the ceiling and skylights and horizontal lines with the kitchen cabinets, entertainment center, and even some of the furnishings).

Unity It is hard to detect the notes and relative pitches of the music above without a staff. The staff is used as a datum to organize the spacing of notes and to accentuate the difference between a series of notes.

Unity Unity can also be achieved by organizing shapes and forms around of a building around a line, plane or volume or within a shape or form. Rooms Hallway Rooms

Unity Phillip Exeter Academy Library Louis Kahn Exeter, New Hampshire What is geometric solid is used to create the form of this building? A Cube All the different functions (ex: circulation desk, staircases, stacks, reading areas) within the library are housed with the cube. Each floor is organized around the atrium (open space in the middle of the building, visible from all floors) Phillip Exeter Academy Library Louis Kahn Exeter, New Hampshire

Unity How is Unity created in this picture? A plane may gather elements or serve as a background for the encompassing elements and frame them in its field How is Unity created in this picture?

Rhythm Rhythm: patterned repetition/alteration of lines, forms, shapes, colors, or textures in the same or modified form. Structural patterns incorporate repetition. Rhythm can be witnessed in the arrangement of rooms in this apartment building. Unite d’Habitation Le Corbusier

Rhythm Sydney Opera House, John Utzon Sydney, Australia Victorian Houses San Fransisco, California In the case of the Sydney Opera house, we witness reverberating patterns. The Victorian houses show multiple rhythms laid over one another in the façade of a building.

Rhythm Rhythm can be Regular Random Graduated

Hierarchy (Emphasis) Hierarchy: articulating the importance of a form/space by its size, shape, or placement relative to other shapes/forms of the organization. Hierarchy by Size Hierarchy by Shape Hierarchy by Placement

Hierarchy (Emphasis) Olivetti Training School James Stiling Haslemere, England Catherdral dominates urban landscape in Florence, Italy

Hierarchy (Emphasis) Hierarchy may also be achieved through color. Legislative Assembly Building Le Corbusier Punjab, India Hierarchy may also be achieved through color.