The Human Body Systems Ms. Williams

The Human Body Systems The human body is like a complex organization that has an important job to get done. In order to get everything done perfectly and on time, it has to use a system. Actually, the human body uses many systems that work side by side.

The Body Systems Work Together The heart is like the president of the organization. Some of the body's systems are directly connected to the heart, while others are not. Even if the heart is not directly involved in the system, it still plays a part. If the heart isn't working, nothing else is working either. The heart actively participates in the circulatory system, while it just keeps an eye on the respiratory and excretory systems.

The Body Systems that we will cover! The Digestive System The Excretory System The Circulatory System The Nervous System The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Where Your Food Goes When you eat your food, do you know where it goes? It goes into your digestive system. Your digestive system is made up of your mouth, pharynx, esophagus, liver, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, appendix, rectum, and anus! That is a lot of parts!

Care For Your Digestive System! Chew your food well and swallow slowly! Drink plenty of water to help move food through your digestive system!

Facts About Your Digestive System It takes 2 to 3 weeks to digest gum. Juices in the stomach break down the proteins. Food stays in your stomach for 2 to 3 hours. Food goes down your esophagus and into your stomach where juices break down the proteins. Then it goes down your small intestine to the large intestine and gets removed by the digestive system.

The Excretory System The excretory system is used to get rid the body of wastes, including excess water and salts

Main Organs and their Functions in the Excretory System Kidneys – the main organs of the excretory system -- waste-laden blood enters the kidney and the kidney filters out urea, excess water and other waste products, which eventually travel out of the kidney as urine -- eventually they travel through the ureter to the urinary bladder Rectum – solid (food) waste travels out of the body through the rectum Skin – sweat glands remove excess water and salts from the body Lungs – expel the waste gas carbon dioxide

The Circulatory System

The Circulatory System The circulatory system performs many vital functions. Your heart pumps blood and nutrients to tissues all over the body. The circulatory system is also important in the removal of wastes and in several other body processes.

The Main Organ of the Circulatory System The main organ of the Circulatory system is the heart. The heart's primary function is to pump blood to all parts of the body, bringing nutrients and oxygen to the tissues and removing waste products.

Nervous System The main parts of the Nervous System are the Brain, the Nerves, and the Spinal Cord.

The Brain The brain is much more complex than the spinal cord.  It has many divisions within it.  The brain stem controls most of the life systems commands such as breathing and heartbeat.  The cerebellum controls balance and the coordination of muscles to move. The cerebral cortex is the most advanced part of the brain.  This is where conscious thought takes place.

The Spinal Cord The spinal cord is a long bundle of white nerve matter that is found in the middle of the spinal column.  It is a link between the brain and the body. 

Respiratory System

Function of the Respiratory System The primary function of the respiratory system is to supply the blood with oxygen in order for the blood to deliver oxygen to all parts of the body. The respiratory system does this through breathing. When we breathe, we inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. This exchange of gases is how the respiratory system gets oxygen to the blood.

The Respiratory System Air is breathed in through the nasal cavity and/or mouth and down through the throat (the pharynx). The air passes down the trachea (the windpipe), through the left and right bronchi, and into the lungs. Oxygen in the blood is delivered to body cells.