Political Parties
Definition of Purpose Group of individuals who seek to control government by sponsoring candidates for public office
Functions Nominators Policy Makers – “linkage institution” Organizers of government machinery Informers “Approvers” Watchdogs
Party Systems One party – authoritarian, dictatorship, “Solid South” Two Party – US, historical, third parties have challenges Multiparty – Some European nations, contributes to coalitions, often unstable due to no clear majority
Party Structure Membership Party in the electorate Party Structure Party in Government
Party Structure Party Leader Party in the White House Donald Trump is the leader of the Republican Party Democratic leader? Highest ranking Democrat in Congress Chair of the DNC
National Structure National Chairperson National Committee RNC: Reince Priebus DNC: Tom Perez National Committee Handle convention, party affairs Congressional Campaign Committee Work to get party members elected to Congress 4 committees National Convention* Purpose: write/adopt platform, nominate Prez and VP
Other Characteristics Federalism: Parties are DECENTRALIZED! Intraparty rivalry is real State and Local Parties: purpose is to get party members elected to state and local positions in government
Moderation Attract as many voters as possible Nominate a “moderate” candidate Platforms are not distinctly different…or are they?
Are political parties becoming extinct? Increase in the number of independents Split ticket voting is increasing Rising use of technology Media and independent expenditures Interest groups influence has increased
Political Parties will be a part of the political future. Funding is still high Party unity score is high (how often legislators vote with party)
Third Parties (Minor Parties) Challenges Rep and Dem control the process therefore the minor parties are left out “wasted vote” in the mind of the voter Funding Influence Force issues Ross Perot and budget deficit in 1990s
Dealignment: movement in which voters abandon both parties Factors: less and less identifying with the major parties (1/3 independent) Effects on Campaigns Moderate stance Target independent or swing voters Better race Focus on issues that will differentiate party