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Quick Review For the descriptions below, classify the cell by writing E for eukaryote, P for prokaryote, or B for both. 1. The larger cell = 2. Plants = 3. Flagellum = 4. Bacteria = 5. Circular DNA = 6. Cell Membrane = 7. Membranes = 8. Chloroplasts =

Quick Review Element Name: Element Symbol: Atomic Number: # of Protons: # of Electrons: Atomic Mass: # of Neutrons:

Lesson 4.10 – Blood and Bacteria Life and Disease Lesson 4.10 – Blood and Bacteria

I can identify red and white blood cells and compare and contrast their functions. I can describe how bacteria infect the human body and how the immune system fights this infection. (3b, 3c) 1. Blood – fluid that travels through organisms a. Functions i. Carries nutrients and oxygen to cells and waste away from cells. ii. Regulates temperature and pH (holds it steady) iii. Helps fight infections from foreign invaders Blood flow Oxygen in RBCs Flushed skin from running. Explain how the body opens capillaries (little vessels) near the skin to bring blood to the surface and release heat. Leukocytes attaching pathogen (light microscope image).

I can identify red and white blood cells and compare and contrast their functions. I can describe how bacteria infect the human body and how the immune system fights this infection. (3b, 3c) b. Structure i. Plasma – makes up most of blood, mainly water but also some molecules ii. Blood cells – cells that float in the plasma, doing different jobs. Centrifuged blood. Blood cells settle to the bottom and plasma is left at the top.

I can identify red and white blood cells and compare and contrast their functions. I can describe how bacteria infect the human body and how the immune system fights this infection. (3b, 3c) c. Types of Blood Cells i. Red (erythrocytes) – contains hemoglobin, a protein that carries O2. ii. White (leukocytes) – remove old cells and attack infectious agents (pathogens) such as bacteria and viruses. iii. Platelets – forms clots which stop up blood vessels when they break, stopping bleeding. A scab. RBC Leukocyte attaching bacteria (animation) Platelets filling a hole in a blood vessel.

I can identify red and white blood cells and compare and contrast their functions. I can describe how bacteria infect the human body and how the immune system fights this infection. (3b, 3c) 2. Bacterial Infections a. Infection – an organism invades another organism to get its resources b. Release toxins which interfere with normal cell function c. Symptoms (affects) - redness, heat, swelling and pain in the specific area that the infection occurs. Bacterial infection Eye infection (pink eye)

I can identify red and white blood cells and compare and contrast their functions. I can describe how bacteria infect the human body and how the immune system fights this infection. (3b, 3c) d. Treatment – antibiotics are effective against bacterial infections. e. Body Response i. The body’s immune system also fights infections. ii. Proteins, called antigens, on the surface of bacterial invaders that tell white blood cells (leukocytes) that the bacteria should be attacked. Ciprofloxacin – an antibiotic WBC attaching staphylococcus aureus WBC binding to antigens on a pathogen and engulfing it.

I can identify red and white blood cells and compare and contrast their functions. I can describe how bacteria infect the human body and how the immune system fights this infection. (3b, 3c) iii. WBCs will also produce antibodies, specialized proteins, that will stay in the organism’s blood forever. These will recognize the antigens of this specific invader if it infects the organism again, allowing it to be destroyed much more quickly the second time. Shows antibodies produced by WBCs. Antibody attaching to an antigen, allowing WBCs to target the pathogen.

WORK WITH US…NOT AHEAD OF US! Guided Practice WORK WITH US…NOT AHEAD OF US!

I can identify red and white blood cells and compare and contrast their functions. I can describe how bacteria infect the human body and how the immune system fights this infection. (3b, 3c) Leukocyte

I can identify red and white blood cells and compare and contrast their functions. I can describe how bacteria infect the human body and how the immune system fights this infection. (3b, 3c) Blood Clot

I can identify red and white blood cells and compare and contrast their functions. I can describe how bacteria infect the human body and how the immune system fights this infection. (3b, 3c) Bacterial Infection

I can identify red and white blood cells and compare and contrast their functions. I can describe how bacteria infect the human body and how the immune system fights this infection. (3b, 3c) Red Blood Cell

I-N-D-E-P-E-N-D-E-N-T PRACTICE Do you know what that means?

Exit Ticket (5 Questions)

1. Which of these is NOT a function of blood? Carry oxygen in hemoglobin Transport carbon dioxide Allow electrical signals to travel through the body Fight infections by foreign invaders C

2. Which of these describes plasma found in blood? Mostly made up of leukocytes that carry oxygen. Made up of leukocytes which fight infection and erythrocytes which carry oxygen. Made up of actin and myosin proteins which help blood cells move. Mostly made up of water but contains other chemical substances D

3. Which of these describes the structure circled in the image below? Platelet which carries oxygen Platelet which clots blood Erythrocyte which carries oxygen Erythrocyte which clots blood A

The axon of an osteocyte The dendrites of a neuron 4. A doctor is seeing a patient. Based on the patient’s symptoms, she prescribes an antibiotic. Which of these describes the logic of this decision? Bacterial infection The axon of an osteocyte The dendrites of a neuron The axon of a neuron C

5. Which of these describes how a pain signal is transmitted from a touch receptor to the brain? Electrical impulse only allow the signal to move on sensory neurons to the brain. Electrical impulse and neurotransmitters allow the signal to move on sensory neurons to the brain. Electrical impulse only allow the signal to move on motor neurons to the brain. Electrical impulse and neurotransmitters allow the signal to move on motor neurons to the brain. B