Work and Energy.

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Presentation transcript:

Work and Energy

Work and Energy Energy can be given to, or taken from an object by doing work. To understand this better, let’s brainstorm some types of energy…

Types of Energy Brainstorm!

Potential Energy (Gravitational) An object has energy because of how high it is. ‘Stored energy’

Kinetic Energy An object has energy because it is moving.

Pendulum Energy is constantly changing from potential to kinetic to potential…

Ok, let’s try some examples: 1. A student lifting a box of books 2. An athlete releasing a curling rock, which then slides on the ice to a stop. 3. Robin Hood firing an arrow into a target. 4. A car driving. 5. Turning on a stove and boiling a pot of water.

All the Energy!!! When you really think about all the energy moving from place to place in every second of your day, it’s mind boggling!! Positive and negative work is constantly being done!! * Remember that since work is a scalar, positive and negative work simply means that work is being gained or lost, it does not have a direction.

Videos The story of kinetic and potential energy Potential energy: Wile E Coyote & Roadrunner GED Physics: Kinetic and potential energy in a roller coaster

Work-Energy Theorem Energy is usually defined as the ability to do work. A moving object can do work on another object it strikes. A moving object can do work on another object it strikes. A flying cannonball does work on a brick wall it knocks down or a hammer does work on a nail it strikes.

Work-Energy Theorem That is, a moving object exerts a force on a second object and moves it through a distance. An object in motion has the ability to do work and thus can be said to have energy.

Kinetic Energy Kinetic energy can be defined as:

Some really neat algebra… Therefore, the net work done on an object is equal to its change in KE:

Sample Problems 1. A 145 g baseball is thrown with a speed of 25 m/s. A) What is its KE? B) How much work was done to reach this speed starting from rest? 2. How much work is required to accelerate a 1000 kg car from 20 m/s to 30 m/s?

Gravitational Potential Energy

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