Cisco networking CNET-448 Chapter 5 Managing Cisco Devices Prepared by: Malik Zaib Alam

Objectives The ICND2 Topics Covered in this chapter include: IP Routing Technologies Describe the boot process of Cisco IOS routers POST Router bootup process Manage Cisco IOS Files Boot preferences Cisco IOS image(s) Licensing Show license Change license

Configuration Register CISCO IOS Configuration Register All Cisco routers have a 16-bit software register that’s written into NVRAM. By default, the configuration register is set to load the Cisco IOS from flash memory and to look for and load the startup-config file from NVRAM. The 16 bits (2 bytes) of the configuration register are read from 15 to 0, from left to right. Boot Field Meaning Use 00 ROM Monitor Mode 0x2100, To boot in ROM Monitor Mode 01 Boot Image from ROM 0x2101, Boot Mini-IOS 02-F Default boot 2102-210F, Boot from NVRAM

Checking the Current Configuration Register Value CISCO IOS Checking the Current Configuration Register Value Router>show version For Password Recovery, The configuration register value to turn on bit 6 is 0x2142. Router(Config)#config-register 0x2142

Verifying Flash Memory CISCO IOS Verifying Flash Memory R# show flash This command show the amount of memory used and available. The show flash command displays all files in flash memory. R1#show flash: System flash directory: File Length Name/status 3 33591768 c2900-universalk9-mz.SPA.151-4.M4.bin 2 28282 sigdef-category.xml 1 227537 sigdef-default.xml [33847587 bytes used, 221896413 available, 255744000 total] 249856K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)

Verifying Flash Memory CISCO IOS Verifying Flash Memory R# show version This command show the amount of RAM and flash memory. Show version command shows the actual name of the file used to run the router and the location from which it was loaded. R1#show version Cisco IOS Software, C2900 Software (C2900-UNIVERSALK9-M), Version 15.1(4)M4, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2) ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 15.1(4)M4, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) System image file is "flash0:c2900-universalk9-mz.SPA.151-1.M4.bin" 3 Gigabit Ethernet interfaces 2 Low-speed serial(sync/async) network interface(s) 255K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory. Configuration register is 0x2102

Boot System Commands To boot from a selected IOS File, CISCO IOS Boot System Commands To boot from a selected IOS File, Router(Config)#boot system flash c2800nm-advsecurityk9-mz.151-4.M6.bin To boot from TFTP Server, Router(config)#boot system tftp c2800nm-advsecurityk9-mz.151-4.M6.bin 10.1.1.2

Restoring the Cisco IOS To restore a file or upgrade an IOS, the file can be downloaded from a TFTP server to flash memory, R# copy tftp flash Address of remote host[]? 1.1.1.2 Source filename[]?c2800nm-adv Destination file name[] If more than one IOS version are saved to flash, to select the image to use for booting the router, use command, R(config)#boot system flash:ios-file name

CISCO IOS FILE SYSTEM (Cisco IFS) IFS allows to explore various directories and inventory files in any directory you want ,without the need to change prompts. IFS makes the file system user interface universal. The IFS use URLs to determine the whereabouts of a file. For backing up the IOS For upgrading the IOS For viewing text files Important IFS commands, Dir: To view files in a directory Copy: Used to upgrade, restore and backup an IOS. More: It takes a text file to look at it on a card. Show file: To view a specified file or file system. Delete: To delete files. Cd/pwd: to change directories and pwd is used to show a working directory. Mkdir/rmdir: To create and delete directories.

Licensing IOS Licensing The default IOS package is called IP base. To enable a permanent license we need install license command. Cisco provides evaluation licenses for most software packages and features called Right-To-Use (RTU) licensing. Cisco provides all features in one package called a Universal image. The different technology packages available for purchase are, Data: MPLS, ATM and multiprotocol support Unified Communication: VoIP and IP telephony Security: IOS Firewall, IPS, IPsec

CISCO IOS Licensing To obtain the license, we need Unique device Identifier (UDI). UDI has two components: 1. The product ID (PID) Serial number of the router , To display these information, use Router # show license udi License file can be obtained by two method, Cisco License Manager(CLM) Cisco Product License Registration site UDI and Product Authorization key (PAK) are used to permanently activate the software package . To activate the license on the router, use command, Router# license install flash:FTX1641Y07J_2013021114326741.lic To verify your license, use command Router # show license all Router # show license features Router # show version, This command also shows the license information.