The World Between the Wars (1910–1939) Lesson 8 The Rise of Nazi Germany

The World Between the Wars (1910–1939) Lesson 8 The Rise of Nazi Germany Learning Objectives Summarize the political and economic problems faced by the Weimar Republic. Analyze Hitler's rise to power. Describe the political, social, economic, and cultural policies of Nazi Germany. Explain why Eastern Europe turned to authoritarian rule.

The World Between the Wars (1910–1939) Lesson 8 The Rise of Nazi Germany Key Terms chancellor, Ruhr Valley, hyperinflation. Adolf Hitler Third Reich, Gestapo Nuremberg Laws,

The Weimar Republic As World War I drew to a close, Germany tottered on the brink of chaos. Under the threat of a socialist revolution, Kaiser William II abdicated. Moderate leaders signed the armistice and later, under protest, the Treaty of Versailles.

The Weimar Republic Political Turmoil Weimar Republic led by chancellor Germany a mess after the war Communist, conservatives, moderates, Blamed treaty of Versailles for their problems Economic Hardship Can’t keep up with reparations France occupied Ruhr valley Hyperinflation- Recovery and Depression Slow recovery, but worldwide depression hit end of 1920’s Culture in the Weimar Republic

The Weimar Republic German delegates to the Paris Peace Conference reluctantly signed the Treaty of Versailles on June 28, 1919.

Hitler Leads the Nazi Party The Great Depression sent the German economy into a downward spiral. As discontent rose, Germans began to listen to the ideas of Adolf Hitler, who had operated on the fringe of German politics for a decade.

Hitler Leads the Nazi Party Early Years Born in Vienna Developed anti-Semitism Fought in WWI Started National Socialist German Workers Party- NAZIS Hitler’s Ideological Manifesto Beer Hall Putsch- Mein Kampf- Blamed Jews for Germany’s problems Create a Third Reich Lebensraum- Hitler Comes to Power This time, used the system to come to power Didn’t take power, wasn’t elected, Was given power Suspended democratic instructions and make absolute ruler- attack on Reichstag Fuhrer-

Hitler Leads the Nazi Party The Nazi Party was active between 1920 and 1945. Hitler served as the party's leader starting in 1921. Initially, the Nazis focused on anti-big business and anti-capitalist rhetoric.

Hitler Leads the Nazi Party Analyze Information How did the events of post–World War I Germany affect the rise of the Nazi Party?

The Third Reich Once in power, Hitler and the Nazis moved to build a new Germany. Like Mussolini, Hitler appealed to nationalism by recalling past glories. Germany’s First Reich, or empire, was the medieval Holy Roman Empire, which had lasted more than 800 years. The Second Reich was the empire forged by Bismarck in 1871. Under Hitler’s new Third Reich, he boasted, the German master race would dominate Europe for a thousand years. His aggressive goals would eventually lead Germany—and the world—into another war.

The Third Reich A Totalitarian State Emerges Third Reich- 1,000 years? Public works projects Build the military SS and Gestapo- Anti-Semitism Campaign Begins Nuremberg laws- Kristallnacht- Nazi Social Policies Indoctrination- Hitler Youth- Women’s roles Purifying German Culture Book burnings

The Third Reich The Nazis initiated massive public works programs to generate jobs and stimulate economic growth. Unemployed Germans worked on government-funded construction, clearance, or agricultural labor projects.

Authoritarian Rule in Eastern Europe Like Germany, most new nations in Eastern Europe slid from democratic to authoritarian rule in the postwar era. In 1919, a dozen countries were carved out of the old Russian, Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman, and German empires. Although they differed from one another in important ways, they faced some common problems. They were small countries whose rural agricultural economies lacked capital to develop industry. Social and economic inequalities separated poor peasants from wealthy landlords. None had much experience with the democratic process.

Authoritarian Rule in Eastern Europe Ethnic Rivalries Dictators Replace Democracy Hungary- icholas Horthy Poland- Joseph Pilsudski Czechoslovakia Finland

Authoritarian Rule in Eastern Europe Analyze Maps According to the map, which eastern European nation was the first to have an authoritarian government?

Quiz: The Weimar Republic Which statement best describes economic conditions in the Weimar Republic after World War I? A. The German people prospered by getting government jobs rebuilding the war-torn country. B. The German people spent money on art, music, and shows to forget the horrors of war. C. The German government paid veterans bonuses, and that money boosted the economy. D. The German government printed extra money to pay protesting workers, causing hyperinflation.

Quiz: Hitler Leads the Nazi Party How did Hitler establish a totalitarian state in Germany? A. He planned a successful coup in Munich that took over the government. B. He disbanded other political parties and made Germany a one-party state. C. He formed a coalition government with Communists and then purged them. D. He rose through the ranks of the army and then established a military government.

Quiz: The Third Reich What method did Germany's totalitarian government use to spread Hitler's beliefs? A. Schoolbooks were rewritten to reflect the racial views of the Nazi Party. B. Hitler launched worker education programs to train non-Aryan people. C. Woman were encouraged to attend university and study Nazi beliefs. D. Hitler banned traditional German myths in favor of Nazi ideology.

Quiz: Authoritarian Rule in Eastern Europe Like Hitler, how were the new dictators in Eastern Europe able to gain power? A. They promised more lands for people who served in the military. B. They promised order and stability at a time of economic unrest. C. They promised to create a written constitution. D. They promised to establish religious freedom.