Supernovae and Neutron Stars

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Presentation transcript:

Supernovae and Neutron Stars

Specific textbook sections Evolution after the main sequence: Section 19.4 White dwarf stars: Section 20.1 Supernovae and neutron stars: Section 20.2

Core collapse of a massive star has two consequences Massive explosion (1044 Joules) Production of a neutron star

Formation of a neutron star from stellar core As core collapses, matter becomes compressed Electrons and protons forced together e+p > n + nu (neutronization) Core of the becomes a neutron fluid Neutronization produces a burst of neutrinos Neutron fluid in core becomes degenerate and rigid

The physics of a self-gravitating neutron blob (neutron star) Radius versus mass relation for neutron star Notice size of neutron star Masses extend above Chandrasekhar limit

Theoretical prediction of the existence of a neutron star The remnant after the explosion of a massive star An object having the mass of the Sun (or more) but in an object with the diameter of Iowa City! An equivalent to the Chandrasekhar mass (largest possible mass of a neutron star) Do they exist?

The problem of the Crab Nebula…the remnant of the supernova of 1054 AD Even today,something is powering the Crab Nebula, causing it to shine at x-rays

1968: The Discovery of Pulsars: Rotating Neutron Stars http://www.jb.man.ac.uk/~pulsar/Education/Sounds/sounds.html

Highly regular pulse properties PSR0329+54, P=0.714519699726 sec Pulsar properties Highly regular pulse properties PSR0329+54, P=0.714519699726 sec PSR1633+24, P=0.4905065128003 sec What in nature could provide such a perfect clock? Demo

Pulsars as rotating neutron stars demo

The Crab Nebula Pulsar http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2002/0052/movies.html

How many pulsars (neutron stars) are there in the sky? http://www.atnf.csiro.au/research/pulsar/psrcat

Neutron stars: from exotica to numerous astronomical objects

A final mystery…pulsar masses are nearly all AT the Chandrasekhar Limit

Periods and Period Derivatives for Pulsars

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