Created by Brock Pope, Grady Hunsucker, and Preston Broughton Chapter 14 Outline Created by Brock Pope, Grady Hunsucker, and Preston Broughton

Mongol Domination In Eastern Eurasia (1200-1368)

The Mongol Conquests (1206-1279) In 1215 Genghis Khan led the mongol attack on the Jin capital at Beijing Genghis died in 1227 but the conquest of China continued under his son Ögödei, who established Karakorum as their capital Whenever a Great Khan dies, his widow sometimes acted as head of government After Ögödei died, Khubilai declared himself Great Khan and established the Yuan Empire with its capital in Beijing Yuan Empire destroyed southern Song in 1279 Lamaism is a Tibetan variant of Buddhism

The Yuan Empire (1279-1368) Khubilai built mud walls and artificial islands around Beijing Mongols encouraged the restoration of the chinese government and society. Their social ranking was determined by race with Mongols being the top Mongol princes evicted farmers who refused to pay taxes The Bubonic plague largely impacted the area

Scientific Exchange Technology, mathematics, medical, and astronomical information was largely shared through this time period The Il-Khans from China imported scholars and texts to help them understand new technological advances The Chinese contributed to the ideas of fractions, algebra and trigonometry Islamic doctors introduced new seeds to form new drugs

Dispersal of The Mongols In the 1360s China was dealing with rebellions and civil war, and during the chaos, China destroyed the Yuan empire In Central asia warfare was frequent between Mongols and Jurchens (dominant indigenous people) Mongols participated in a tributary system only to trade with the Chinese, but war broke out and the Mongols captured the Ming emperor and attacked Beijing in 1449

The Early Ming Empire (138-1500)

Ming China on a Mongol Foundation hu Yuanzhang vanquished his rivals in rebellion, established the Ming Empire, and ruled as Hongwu. The Ming Empire rejected the Mongols, which impacted trade and economy The Ming Government resembled that of the Yuan. An Imperial prince staged a coup d'etat then ruled as Yongle Yongle returned the capital to Beijing, and enlarged the imperial complex that Khuilai had built. The Ming wanted to force other countries into tributaries

Technology and Population The Economy of Ming China fueled trade to Europe. The ming economy suffered from a labor glut, which delayed mechanization. Population growth shifted importance from commercial agriculture to staple crops In warfare, The Ming used cannons, arrows and scattershot mortars. Fear of technology transfer seems evident in much of the Ming government.

The Ming Achievement The early Ming period was a time of cultural brilliance. Ming made accomplishments in porcelain making, Ming porcelain was among the most prized commercial products of Eurasia. Other Ming goods for which demand was great were furniture, lacquered screens, and silk.

Centralization and Militarism in East Asia (1200-1500)

Korea from the Mongols to the Yi (1231-1500) Mongols wanted to conquer Korea for new launch sites for sea invasion against the Song Empire. Mongolian conquer led to new scientific ideology and opened international trading. Koryo collapse leads to succession by the Yi Kingdom; Confucianism revived in Korea. New advancements in writing/printing, agriculture, astronomical sciences, and military technology.

Political Transformation in Japan (1274-1500) First Mongol invasion in 1274 showed Japan what advancements were needed to keep up with Mongolian forces. Mongol threat brought Shogunate leaders together. 1281- Mongol second invasion on Japan failed. Japanese repelled with advanced war tactics and gear. Japanese insecurity over 3rd mongol invasion led to new centralized Japanese system. 1338- New shogunate, Ashikaga formed in Kyoto.

The Emergence of Vietnam (1200-1500) States of Annam (north) and Champa (south) both had different cultures and morals. Ming troops take over Annam and establish a puppet government in 1400 which lasted 30 years. Annam warred and conquered Champa by 1500 and established modern day Vietnam.