19th Century Intellectual Movements

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19th Century Intellectual Movements

Neo – Classicism -Architectural style that reflected democratic ideals by imitating Greek & Roman themes Greek Revival Palladian

Transcendentalism Connected to Unitarian religious beliefs (which emerged as a reaction to the 2nd Great Awakening) Truth transcends the senses anti-emotionalism Every person possesses the inner light that can lead them to the highest truth & be in touch with God Intellectual reason as the path to divine reason Religious & social individualism

Dignity of the individual regardless of race Literary movement Writers Henry David Thoreau Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Ralph Waldo Emerson Margaret Fuller Walt Whitman

Romanticism Reaction to the rationality of the Enlightenment Writers Emphasized imagination over reason Nature over civilization Elevation of primeval nature, untouched by man Heroic individualism Gothic & supernatural elements Literary & artistic movement Writers Washington Irving James Fennimore Cooper William Cullen Bryant Artists Emanuel Leutze

Washington Irving, RW Emerson, HW Logfellow, JF Cooper & pals

Hudson River School Romantic art form (1820 -1850s) centered around nature Early artists focused on natural scenes from the Hudson River area (NY/NJ) Later canvases focused on modern man’s encroachment on Nature Eventually go on to depict natural landscapes in the west and S. America Artists Thomas Cole Frederick Church Asher B. Durand Albert Bierstadt

Thomas Cole

Asher B. Durand

Frederick Church

Frederick Church

Albert Bierstadt

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