Test your AZ tribal knowledge 1. How many federally recognized tribes exist in the State of Arizona? 2. How many Native Americans, according to the 2000 census, live in Arizona? 3. How many tribes can you name who call northern Arizona home?

Test your AZ tribal knowledge 5. What is the capital city of the Navajo Nation? 6. How many tribal towns, cities and villages can you name on the Navajo and Hopi reservations? 7. What is the Indian Civil Rights Act? When did it become law and what does it allow? 8. When do tribal celebrations take place?

Test your AZ tribal knowledge 1. How many federally recognized tribes exist in the State of Arizona? 21 2. How many Native Americans, according to the 2000 census, live in Arizona? 250,000 3. How many tribes can you name who call northern Arizona home? Hopi, Navajo, Havasupai, Hualapai, Yavapai, Zuni, Apache (depending on how large you define northern Arizona) 4. What is the capital city of the Navajo Nation? Window Rock 5. How many tribal towns, cities and villages can you name on the Navajo and Hopi reservations?

Test your AZ tribal knowledge 6. How many tribal towns, cities and villages can you name on the Navajo and Hopi reservations? 7. What is the Indian Civil Rights Act? When did it become law and what does it allow? The Indian Civil Rights Act of 1968 allows tribes to self-govern. Within self-governance, equal constitutional rights, such as not discriminating based on religion and freedom of speech, must be honored. 8. What and when do tribal celebrations take place? There are many and they differ from tribe to tribe. Often children face institutional discrimination when they attend a tribal ceremony that is not a school holiday, and may receive an absence that counts against them in school. These ceremonies are often religious and cultural celebrations that should be honored equally in our schools. Many schools are beginning to offer excused absences for attendance at ceremonies.

Teaching Native American students • Do not equate Native Americans with "things." For example, if alphabet cards say, "A is for apple, B is for ball, .... I is for Indian," pick a different word so that Indian people are not presented as objects. • Do not speak of Native Americans exclusively in past tense. There are nearly one million Native people in the U.S. today, yet many books and videos still have titles such as How the Indians Lived. • Do not perpetuate the myth that a few Europeans defeated thousands of Natives in battle. Historians say the number killed in battle was relatively small; what really defeated Native Americans were European diseases from which they had no immunity.

Teaching Native American students • Do not let children to imitate with stereotypes such as one-word sentences ("How"), Hollywood-style grammar ("Me heep big hungry"), or gestures (e.g., war whoops and tomahawk chops). • Do not encourage children to dress up as Native Americans for Halloween. Even when well-intentioned, costumes involving imitation feathers, face paint, headdresses, and buckskin are disrespectful of traditional Native dress (which many consider honorable or even sacred). • Do not divide Native Americans and non-Native Americans into "us" and "them." Instead, explain that Native Americans were the first Americans and that today they are American citizens with the same rights as all Americans.

Teaching Native American students • Do highlight the Native American philosophy of respect for every form of life and for living in harmony with nature. • Do discuss a variety of nations, such as Hopi, Lakota, and Navajo, rather than lumping all Native Americans together. Explain that each nation has its own name, language, and culture. • Do challenge TV and movie stereotypes of Native Americans. Discuss the meaning of stereotypes and help children understand that Native Americans were no more savage than others who fought to defend their homes and community. • Do understand that Native American children are not always aware of their heritage. Native children sometimes know more about "TV Indians" than about their own heritage, and they should not be singled out to provide a Native perspective or asked to recount Native history.