Implementation of pavement preservation treatments NJDOT Research Study Rutgers-Center for Advanced Infrastructure and Transportation Deighton

NJDOT Research Study The objectives of this research study are to: Develop a list of appropriate pavement preservation treatments for use on HMA, Composite and PCC pavements on the NJDOT state-maintained road network Recommend Pavement Management System inputs for Pavement Preservation Treatments Develop NJDOT Specifications for each Pavement Preservation Treatment Document the Constraints on Pavement Preservation Treatments on Available Suppliers and Contractors Develop and Facilitate Pavement Preservation Treatment Training and Implementation

Survey Focus • Successful techniques for pavement preservation on high traffic-volume roadways currently in use; • Potentially successful techniques for pavement preservation approaches that are not yet fully deployed; • Challenges and solutions to implementation on high-traffic volume roadways; and • Special considerations for quality control and quality assurance (QC/QA).

Information Sources • FHWA, FHWA Resource Centers, Turner Fairbank Highway Research Center, AASHTO, TRB papers and presentations, NCHRP reports and syntheses, LTPP SPS3 and Datapave, SHPR2, Pavement Preservation Conference presentations • Pavement Preservation Centers (National Pavement Preservation Center, California Pavement Preservation Center, Texas Pavement Preservation Center, Illinois Pavement Preservation Center, etc.), • Industry sites (International Slurry Surfacing Association, Asphalt Recycling and Reclaiming Association, Foundation for Pavement Preservation, Asphalt Institute), • National Association of County Engineers, New Jersey Society of Municipal Engineers.

Pavement Preservation Treatments Database Documents S:\PaveTech\Pavement Preservation\Pavement Preservation Treatments

SHRP2 REPORTS Preservation Approaches for High-Traffic-Volume Roadways SHRP2 REPORT S2-R26-RR-1 - 2011 Guidelines for the Preservation of High-Traffic-Volume Roadways SHRP2 REPORT S2-R26-RR-2 - 2011

Top Deficiencies Addressed by Preservation Treatments HMA-surfaced pavements light and moderate surface distress (i.e., various forms of cracking), raveling, and friction loss. PCC pavements smoothness or ride quality and surface distress (i.e., spalling and various forms of cracking), with some concern about noise issues Survey results showed that an overwhelming number of respondents reported using overnight or single-shift closures for treatment application.

Major Conclusions The most notable conclusions are the following: • Several preservation treatments are currently being extensively used or have been documented as successfully used on high-traffic-volume roadways. • Successful selection of projects and preservation treatments for high-traffic-volume roadways requires that Treatment functions be properly matched to pavement conditions; Potential effects of traffic level and climatic conditions on expected treatment performance be properly assessed; Project construction constraints be carefully examined in relation to the limitations of the treatments; and Treatment cost-effectiveness and other factors be properly and methodically considered.

Common Pavement Preservation Treatments HMA-Surfaced Pavements Crack fill Microsurfacing Crack seal Single/Multiple course Chip seal Cape seal Thin/Ultra-thin HMA overlay (<1.5 in.) Fog seal In-place HMA recycling (CIR, HIR) Slurry seal Thin/Ultra-thin whitetopping

Common Pavement Preservation Treatments PCC-Surfaced Pavements Joint resealing Dowel bar retrofit Crack sealing Thin PCC overlay Diamond grinding/grooving Ultra-thin bonded concrete wearing course Pavement Partial/Full depth Patching Thin HMA overlay (<1.5 in.) Drainage preservation

Primary Capabilities and Functions of Preservation Treatments for HMA-Surfaced Pavements

Primary Capabilities and Functions of Preservation Treatments for PCC-Surfaced Pavements

Treatment use on rural HMA-surfaced roadways, by category of high-traffic-volume criteria

Treatment use on urban HMA-surfaced roadways, by category of high-traffic-volume criteria

Treatment Usage on HMA-Surfaced Roadways According to Pavement Condition

Effect of Treatment Timing on Costs Generalized Pavement Selection Criteria New Do Nothing Good Crack Seal Pavement Preservation Fog Seal Chip Seal Micro surfacing Condition Fair Thin Overlay/Ultra-thing bonded Overlay Pavement Rehabilitation Hot In-place Recycling HIR Treatment timing and costs can be broken down into four levels, A new pavement or treatment need no treatment when it is first constructed. Pavement Preservation techniques are used to keep good pavement in good condition and to restore pavement in fair condition to good condition. These surface treatment are inexpensive. Pavements that deteriorate further need pavement rehabilitation or even reconstruction. These treatments are considerable more expensive and therefore limit the number of miles of roadway that can be restored each year. Minor – Mill/Functional Overlay Poor Cold In-place Recycling CIR Major – Mill/Structural Overlay Pavement Reconstruction Full Depth Reclamation Reconstruction V. Poor Time 16

Rutgers University - CAIT Treatment Choices Trigger Point for Treatment 1 Age or Traffic Loads Pavement Condition Index Treatment 2 Treatment 2 in Year Y at $S Cost Existing Performance Treatment 1 in Years X and Z at $ Cost Preservation Rehabilitation Reconstruction Rutgers University - CAIT

Specification Investigation Specifications Library https://fhwapap04.fhwa.dot.gov/nhswp/stateSpecificationWebsites.jsp   National Highway Specifications Library https://fhwapap04.fhwa.dot.gov/nhswp/searchSpecifications.jsp

Pavement Preservation Specifications Review the State DOT Standard Specifications and Special Specifications/Provision for: Pavement Preservation Treatment Specifications, Mix Designs Construction Procedures or Best Practices Manuals Quality Assurance to identify those treatments that warrant further considerations.

Specification Investigation Pavement Preservation Treatment Specifications* ** Slurry Seal ** Fog Seal ** Microsurfacing Thin Overlay * Chip Seal * Cape Seal * Cold In-place Recycling ** Full Depth Reclamation ** Hot In-place Recycling * All variations ** Review of NJDOT existing specifications

Draft Specifications Prepared Draft Specification for CIR with Foamed Asphalt and Asphalt Emulsion, Mix Design for CIR with Foamed Asphalt Mix Design for CIR with Asphalt Emulsion

EFFECTS OF CONSTRAINTS ON PAVEMENT PRESERVATION TREATMENTS MATERIAL SUPPLIERS AND CONTRACTORS Prepared email for the state asphalt pavement association directors about:   Pavement Preservation dollars and project totals in their states.  Research the PP contractors, estimated treatment cost, estimation of mobilization, and night work issues. If there are pavement preservation contracts, are the in place contractors thinking of adapting or are they adapting? What percentage of their membership employs pavement preservation techniques?

Demonstration and Training O Develop Demonstration projects and training on NJDOT, county, municipal or university facilities in conjunction with a Statewide or regional workshop on Pavement Preservation Treatments O Develop a multi-year (5-7 year) Pavement Preservation Treatments assessment plan to address the in-situ pavement prior to the pavement preservation treatment (condition IRI, distresses, material properties-FWD, DCP, layer structure), the traffic inputs (volume, truck level percentage), the construction review and quality assessment, and the annual post-construction condition distress and IRI in all lanes. FDR with Cement CIR with Foamed Asphalt CIR with Asphalt Emulsion Asphalt Rubber Slurry Seal Crack Sealing

Training Courses NHI Courses • 131103 A, B, C – Pavement Preservation: Design and Construction of Preventive Maintenance Treatments • 131104 – Pavement Preservation: Integrating Pavement Preservation Practices into Pavement Management • 131106 – Transportation Asset Management • 131110 – Pavement Preservation Treatment Construction – WEB-BASED • 131114 - Pavement Preservation: Optimal Timing of Pavement Preservation Treatments • 131115 – Pavement Preservation: Preventive Maintenance Treatment, Timing, and Selection • 131116, A – Pavement Management: Characteristics of an Effective Program

Training Courses National Center for Pavement Preservation (NCPP) • Basic Concepts for Pavement Preservation • Chip Seal Best Practices • Slurry Seal and Micro-surfacing systems • Top of the Curve: Fog Seals, Rejuvenators, Crack Sealing, and Filling International Slurry Surfacing Association (ISSA) • NCPP Slurry Seals & Microsurfacing Workshop • ISSA/AI Webinar Series Asphalt Institute Asphalt Emulsion Webinar Series • Introduction and chemistry • Storage, handling and sampling testing, selecting the right grade • Surface treatments (chip seals, slurry, micro, etc.) • Emulsion aggregate mixtures • Asphalt pavement recycling, miscellaneous applications

Training Courses National Concrete Pavement Technology Center Concrete Pavement Preservation modules • FHWA-NHI-131126A TTCC Preventative Pavement Preservation Concepts • FHWA-NHI-131126B TTCC Concrete Pavement Evaluation • FHWA-NHI-131126C TTCC Slab Stabilization and Slab Jacking • FHWA-NHI-131126D TTCC Partial-Depth Repairs • FHWA-NHI-131126E TTCC Full-Depth Repairs • FHWA-NHI-131126F TTCC Retrofitted Edge Drains • FHWA-NHI-131126G TTCC Load Transfer Restoration • FHWA-NHI-131126H TTCC Diamond Grinding and Grooving • FHWA-NHI-131126I TTCC Joint Sealing and Crack Resealing • FHWA-NHI-131126J TTCC Strategy Selection

Deighton Technical Memo Findings 18 state DOT’s pavement management systems were studied 17 of the 18 systems used at least 1 pavement preservation treatment in their pavement management system The 6 most commonly found were: Crack Seal Chip Seal Microsurface Thin Overlay Joint Sealing Diamond Grinding

Deighton Technical Memo Findings 5 parameters were used most often as treatment triggers: IRI / Roughness Structural Cracking Transverse Cracking Longitudinal Cracking Rutting States use a mix of indexed parameters as well as actual values (such as IRI) in treatment triggers States also use a full range of indexed and actual parameters in resets, depending on the way the condition data is stored in the asset repository Resets are often conditional on pavement age, classification, traffic, and other factors

Pavement Preservation Treatments in Use by Surveyed State DOT’s

Most Common Treatment Triggers in Use by Surveyed State DOT’s Number shows rank based on number of states using the trigger

Summary of Treatment Triggers in Use by Surveyed State DOT’s

Summary of Treatment Resets Used by Surveyed State DOT’s

Rutgers University - CAIT Questions? Questions? Thank you! cait.rutgers.edu facebook.com/RutgersCAIT http://www.CAIT.Rutgers.edu/PRP Rutgers University - CAIT 33