The First Dynasty Aim: How did ancient China develop under the Shang and Zhou dynasties? Do Now: What is loess?

Shang Dynasty (1700 – 1100 B.C.) Dynasty – a line of rulers who belong to the same family Capital in city of Shang Control of Yellow River delta

Shang Dynasty Kings ruled over towns Gave land to nobles – the rich who were often family members Nepotism – favoring relatives of those close to you Agricultural society

Shang Dynasty Shang Society King and Family Nobles Craft-workers Farmers Prisoners of War

Shang Dynasty Written language Oracles – people who could predict the future Oracle bones – bones used by oracles to predict the future Polytheism Veneration of ancestors – pray to ancestors who could control human life

Zhou Dynasty Overthrows Shang dynasty in 1000s B.C. Defeat Shang dynasty in war Mandate of Heaven – nature maintained order in the world and the king ruled as a representative of heaven Chosen by the gods

Dynastic Cycle Dynastic Cycle - a dynasty would remain in power only as long as it was providing good government. When a dynasty went into decline, and began to abuse its power, it was said to lose the Mandate of Heaven, or the favor of the gods. A strong leader would usually emerge to claim the Mandate, and establish a new dynasty. The dynastic cycle would then begin again.

Paragraph Explain, in your own words, the Mandate of Heaven and the Dynastic Cycle.

Tomb of Shihuangdi Aim: Explain the Great Wall and Shihuangdi’s Tomb. Do Now: Explain the Dynastic Cycle

Qin Dynasty 221 B.C. – general of Qin wins battles and controls eastern China Emperor – supreme ruler of an empire Shihuangdi – “First Grand Emperor” Geography protection Qinling Mountains Huang River

Great Wall of China Construction begun by Shihuangdi Protection from northern invaders Most of it built in later generations 1300s to 1600s

Shihuangdi’s Tomb Mirror of the real world Clay army of soldiers and horses to protect emperor Crossbows set up if tomb opened

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aePjTYV KHuA

Confucianism Aim: How does Confucianism offer values that all people can learn from? Do Now: Why is it important to take advice from someone older than you(parents, grandparents, aunt/uncles)

Confucius Lived from 551-479 B.C. Lived through time of warfare Suggested peaceful way to live He says China has lost its traditions

Confucius Stresses education to make people better Better people make a better civilization Respect of elders Thoughts recorded in a book The Analects

Taoism Founded by Lao Tzu Teaches inaction and not action Don’t try to control nature of things, act spontaneously and let nature take its course Opposite of Confucianism

Han Dynasty Aim: How did the Han dynasty make grand achievements? Do Now: Write one sentence on what Confucius’ goal was for the Chinese people. Final Review Sheet Due next Wednesday

Han Dynasty 206 B.C. - Qin overthrown General of rebels – Han Gaozu Expanded borders north to Korea and south to Vietnam

Han Dynasty Confucius state Civil service exam – government officials must be qualified for the job or pass a test No longer can they just be appointed by king

Han Dynasty Wudi – first strong emperor of Han Grand School – empire’s best school Doctors, scientists, mathematicians, gov’t jobs Invention of paper Seismograph – machine used to detect earthquakes

Silk Road Trade routes that connected Asia and Europe Silk was very popular trading item