GANDHINAGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY “Reservoir” Enrollment No Name 1301 20106008 Anish Bhavsar Internal Guide: prof. Hetal Dave 130120106023 Rajan Daxini 130120106030 Ravi Gajjar 130120106043 Nakul Kavaiya Gandhinagar Institute of Technology: Department of Civil Engineering

Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering Topics covered Introduction Types Investigation Site selection Zones of storage Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering

Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering What is reservoir? A reservoir is a artificial lake created by constructing a dam across a river. A reservoir is created on upstream of a dam, built across a river or stream to impound part of the runoff from the catchment up stream of the dam site. Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering

Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering Purpose to provide Reservoir Irrigation Water supply Hydroelectric power generation Flood control Navigation Recreation Development of fish and wild life Soil conservation Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering

Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering Types Of Reservoirs Depending upon the purposes served , reservoir may be classified as under: Storage or conservation reservoirs Flood control reservoirs Distribution reservoirs Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering

Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering Storage or conservation reservoir They store the water in the rainy season and to release it later when the river flow is low. They used for supply of water for irrigation development, of hydro electronic power and domestic and industrial water supply. Storage reservoir are also called conservation reservoir because they are used to conserve water. Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering

Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering Flood control reservoirs A flood control reservoir is constructed to protect the area lying on its down-stream side from damages due to floods and hence it is known as flood protection reservoir or flood mitigation reservoir. This reservoir is designated to moderate the flood and not to conserve water. Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering

Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering This type of reservoir serve only one purpose i.e. flood control hence these are designated as single purpose reservoir. The flood control reservoir may be of two type: Retarding reservoir Detention reservoir Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering

Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering a) Retarding reservoir This reservoirs stores a portion of flood when the flood is rising and releases it later when the flood is receding. The high flood discharge is retarded and it takes long time for the flood water to flow completely towards the downstream area. Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering

Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering b) Detention Reservoir This is one which is provided with outlets and spillway controlled by gates or valves. The spill ways with adjustable gates are provided with the dam so that the flood water may be detained for sometime and then released according to the situation of downstream area by operating the gates of spillways. Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering

Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering 3. Distribution Reservoirs It is a small storage reservoir used for water supply in a city. Water is constantly pumped into the reservoir at constant rate and is supplied to consumers from reservoir. Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering

Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering Investigation for reservoir planning   Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering

Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering

Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering 2. Geological Investigation Suitability of foundation for the dam Water tightness of the reservoir basin Location of quarry sites for construction materials 3. Hydrological Investigations Study of runoff pattern of river at proposed dam site to determine the storage capacity of reservoir corresponding to a given demand. Determination of the hydrograph of worst flood to determine spillway capacity and design. Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering

Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering Selection of site for reservoir Topography is suitable for reservoir. River valley should be narrow so, length of construction will be less. Quantity of leakage is minimum. free from cracks, fissures, less percolation. Basin should not submerged valuable land and properties.it should minimum. Site should be avoid water from tributaries which carry high sediment. On site adequate capacity is available for desired purpose. Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering

Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering Deep reservoir can be formed to reduce cost/unit area, water evaporation , less likelihood of weed growth. Soil or rock should not contain soluble material, which reduce water quality. Quality of water stored should satisfy desired purpose. Easily accessible by road , by railway. Construction material should be available nearby site. Cost of associated work like road, rail, housing colonies ,etc. should be low. Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering

Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering Levels of Reservoir Normal pool level (N.P.L.) Minimum pool level Maximum pool level Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering

Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering Zones of Storage Various zones are as follows Useful storage Dead storage Surcharge storage Bank storage Valley storage Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering

Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering THANK YOU Gandhinagar Institute of Technology : Department of Civil Engineering