PAF 101 Module 2, Lecture 3 -Reinhold Niebuhr   God grant me serenity To accept the things I cannot change, The courage to change the things I can, And the wisdom to know the difference. -Reinhold Niebuhr

Class Agenda Announcements Dale Carnegie Discussion of societal problems and policy trade offs EITC as an example Drivers of public policy

Competition Points Winners Losers As of 02/08/2017 Group # Total 17 10 16 7 14 6 4 18 5 13 8 15 2 3 9 12 1 11 Winners Losers As of 02/08/2017

Extra Credit Opportunity When: Thursday, February 9, 2017 @7:00-9:00 pm Where: 500 Hall of Languages

Extra Credit Opportunity Event: Pursuing Progressive Policy Teach-in When: Friday, 2/10/17 Time: 3:00- 6:30PM Where: Maxwell Auditorium Info: This is the first in a series of teach-ins that aim to address policy changes and issues affected by the Trump administration. Teach-in facilitators, including Maxwell professors, will also be presenting strategies and actions for individuals to take in order to effect political and social change on both a local and national level. Topics will include: Climate Change, Immigration, Freedom of the Press, Intersectional Feminism, Indigenous Rights & Resistance, Social Movements, and more.

Meet Dale. Sup. Dale Carnegie was born in Missouri and was raised by poor farmers. By the end of his life, he had amassed a fortune and is called the founder of self-help. His book How to Win Friends and Influence People has sold over 10 million copies.

Why should YOU know him? His principles will allow you to gain knowledge about successfully interacting with others. You will make a lot of friends and a lot less enemies. Learning DC will change the way you view yourself, and in turn, help the way others view you. His principles will allow you to succeed in life…

Dale Carnegie Principles Try honestly to see things from the other person's point of view. Don't criticize, condemn or complain. Give honest and sincere appreciation. Sympathize with the other person. Arouse in the other person an eager want. Appeal to noble motives. Become genuinely interested in other people. Dramatize your ideas. Remember that a man's name is to him the sweetest and most important sound in any language. Throw down a challenge. Begin with praise and honest appreciation. Be a good listener. Encourage others to talk about themselves. Call attention to other people's mistakes indirectly. Talk in the terms of the other man’s interest. Talk about your own mistakes first. Make the other person feel important and do it sincerely. Ask questions instead of giving direct orders. Let the other person save face. Avoid arguments. Praise every improvement. Never tell someone they are wrong Give them a fine reputation to live up to If you're wrong, admit it quickly and emphatically. Encourage them by making their faults seem easy to correct. Begin in a friendly way. Start with questions the other person will answer yes to. Let the other person do the talking. Make the other person happy about doing what you suggest. Let the other person feel the idea is his/hers.

Dale Carnegie https://youtu.be/O48JaCuiH34

Famous DC Users http://www. bloomberg Dale Carnegie Training that shaped the lives of such people as Warren Buffett, Johnny Cash, and Emeril Lagasse, can claim an additional ardent disciple: Charles Manson.

What is Dale Carnegie? It depends A tool A way of life Good BS if not BS

Dale Carnegie Fireside Chat Featuring Eamonn

Exercise 2.3 Photocopy both the title page and the copyright page of the book you use.

Exercise 2.5 Census Data Students lost points for preventable mistakes Must use Quick Facts on census website TAs will be checking your data! If we catch you faking any data you’re a loser, and you will receive a ZERO for the entire paper.

How Completed Chart Should Look Owner-occupied housing rate

Exercise 3.1 3 real players that you may use later

Seven Societal Problem Areas Crime Education Environment Health Housing Jobs and Economic Development Poverty

What policies exist? Which one is Coplin’s favorite? Fighting Poverty… What policies exist? Which one is Coplin’s favorite?

The EITC Policy Dealing with Poverty “EITC, Earned Income Tax Credit, is a benefit for working people who have low to moderate income. A tax credit means more money in your pocket. It reduces the amount of tax you owe and may also give you a refund.” (IRS website)

Basic Facts The tax helps the “working poor,” those tax payers whose limited work hours and low wages keep them in the low-income tax bracket The refund depends on a tax payer’s: Adjusted Gross Income (AGI), which is gross income minus specific deductions* that a tax payer is eligible to take The number of (qualifying) children * Common examples of deductions are “alimony payments made to a former spouse, contributions to certain retirement accounts (such as a traditional IRA) and the deduction for tuition and fees.” (Turbotax website)

Basic Facts EITC Eligibility based on AGI and Number of Children (Tax Filing for the Work Year 2014)  Status AGI must be less than… (Single) AGI must be less than… (Married, jointly filed) Maximum Credit Possible No Qualifying Children $ 14,820 $ 20,330 $ 503 One Child $ 39,131 $ 44,651 $ 3,359 Two Children $ 44,454 $ 49,974 $ 5,548 Three or more Children $ 47,747 $ 53,267 $ 6,242

Basic Facts EITC is acquired when tax payers fill out regular tax returns and complete an additional seven lines of information Earnings do not include social welfare program, dividends, interest, and capital gains. Earnings do include wages earned from self- employment income and regular income Full or part time work

History of EITC 1975: EITC is proposed by Nixon but created and signed by President Ford in order to help alleviate the burdens of social security and Medicare taxes for low-income workers 1970s - 2008: The credit is made permanent, adjustments were made regarding categories, the percentage of credit, and those eligible for the credit 2013: Congress extended the 2009 American Taxpayer Recovery Act through 2017 The 2009 Act essentially extended the EITC and added the “third tier,” or level, to help families with more than two children

Impact In 2013, about 6.2 million people were lifted out of poverty, including about 3.2 million children. Studies suggest that the EITC “increase(s) aggregate hours worked.” (Beverly, 2002). “What research has shown, however, is that most EITC recipients only get the credit for two consecutive years or less. Many of them soon move up the income ladder and start paying taxes back into the system.” – The Washington Post The EITC reduced federal tax revenue by $59 billion in 2012 whereas the cost of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (food stamps) was $80 billion (Hungerford, 2013).

Federal vs. State 24 states and the District of Columbia administered their own state EITCs (2014) When you apply for the Federal EITC, you are automatically enrolled for the State Federal refunds faster (about 2 weeks), and the State takes a little while longer States typically calculate EITCs as a fixed percentage of the federal credit Percent of Federal Credit for NYS: 30%

Too few eligible citizens file for the EITC in Onondaga County Problem & Evidence Too few eligible citizens file for the EITC in Onondaga County Total Filers in Onondaga County in 2013: 211,656 Filers that are eligible for VITA services: 133,492 (63.07%) Eligible Filers that used VITA services: 7,249 (5.43%) Unknown Percent: Private sector filing & individual filing of the tax returns * Those who are eligible are files who reported an adjusted gross income of less than $53,000 **Data are based on 2013 tax return season Data are from the United Way, who received the data from the IRS

Value of EITC in Syracuse Value of Federal EITC : All County: $ 3,097,509 CA$H sites only: $ 2,576,685 Value of Fed & State EITC: All County: $4,130,012 CA$H sites only: $3,435,580 Average Refund per Filer: All County: $ 1,264 CA$H sites: $ 1,620 *2013 data

What We’ve Learned Their problem may not be as serious as first thought. 80% take up rate may be a good as it gets

Five Drivers on Policy Topics Describe how each driver shapes the EITC public policy discussions Fear Greed Guilt Love What’s the most important driver?

Drivers and Problem Solving Life is a highway Extreme drivers get in the way Moderation is the key

Next Class: Nicholas J. Pirro Onondaga County Executive (1988 – 2008) President of the New York State Association of Counties (2000 – 2001) President- NP Associates, LLC Prepare a typed and printed question to show your TA on Friday

For next class For Friday: if every member of the group brings in a typed question to ask the speaker, the group gets one extra credit point. Prospective Community Service Email is due 2/17 by 12:45pm Email your TA Should be finished with all exercises in chapter 2 and 3 by Monday Module 2 due 12:45 on 2/24 Slide 28