1/31 Warm up Please answer the following questions separate sheet of paper as a warm-up: 1- According to Gospel of Wealth, what is the duty of industrialists?

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Presentation transcript:

1/31 Warm up Please answer the following questions separate sheet of paper as a warm-up: 1- According to Gospel of Wealth, what is the duty of industrialists? 2- Some oil companies own their shipping transports and drilling operations, making this what type of integration? 3- Social Darwinism states that society benefits when ____ 4- What activities did Robber Barons do that earned them a bad reputation? 5- Name a modern day example of a captain of industry/robber baron and explain what traits fit them in that category (COI or RB)

2/1 Warm up Please begin quietly reading the handout on your desk about the labor movement. Be prepared to discuss definitions of the bolded words in the text.

Growth of the Labor Movement

Knights of Labor Leader- Uriah Smith Stevens, Terrance Powderly Membership- Included all workers—any trade, race, gender Goals- 8 hour workday, end child labor, income tax Decline- Failed strikes

American Federation of Labor (AFL) Leader- Samuel Gompers Membership- Skilled workers Goals-Strike and pension fund for workers in need, wages, working hours, working conditions Decline- Organization continued to grow through 20th century

AMERICAN RAILWAY UNION Leader- Eugene Debs Membership-Organized railroad workers Goals- Wanted one giant union for all railroad workers; Decline- Union was seen as too radical and eventually lost membership; leaders jailed after Pullman Strike

Industrial WORKERS OF THE WORLD Leader- William “Big Bill” Haywood Membership- All workers (skilled and unskilled) Goals- Government ownership of business/property Decline- seen as too radical/lost members

Railroad Strikes of 1887 July, 1877—Workers in WVA went on strike response to wage cuts at Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company Protest sparked violence and massive destruction in several cities- Pennsylvania, Missouri, Illinois, Maryland Approximately 100 killed. State and federal government sent in troops to restore order Outcome- Public awareness of railroad worker grievances, growth of labor movement

Haymarket Square May 4th 1886-protestors gather in Haymarket square in Chicago to peacefully protest for an 8 hour workday/a police killing from previous day Protester threw a bomb that killed a policeman; gunfire followed 8 conspirators charged with inciting a riot; imprisoned and hanged Americans became wary of labor unions Knights of Labor were blamed and membership fizzled out

Homestead Strike June 1892. Homestead, PA Carnegie Steel plant cut wages Pinkertons and strikers engage in standoff for weeks Killed 9 strikers & wounded many others; Strike disbanded Showed difficulty in successful unionizing

Pullman Strike of 1894 Pullman cut wages several times, but never reduced rents or price of goods in company town in Illinois Workers turned to the American Railway Union for help ARU called for a nationwide strike Strikers were able to disrupt railroad traffic and mail delivery Violence erupted; President Cleveland ordered troops to stop the strike Debs arrested, Pullman Company sold off, Labor Day enacted

ACtivity Using your laptop/phone, analyze the gallery of photos, documents, music at: http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/lessons/labor/gallery.htm l Record your responses for 2 images/documents on each category Observe: Example: What do you notice? Did you expect this? Reflect: Example: Where do you think this came from? • Why do you think somebody made this? • What can you learn from examining this? (Honors) Question: Ask a question that would lead to more observations and reflections (Example: What do you wonder about... who? • what? • when? • where?)