Periodic Table Notes

What is an atom? A very small particle that makes up most kinds of matter Made up of smaller parts called subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons Protons: positive charge [+] Neutrons: no charge (or “neutral”) [0] Electrons: negative charge [-] “atom” means “cannot be divided” 1,000,000 lined up= thickness of a human hair!

Even though atoms are very small… They do have mass- most is found in the nucleus Nucleus= protons and neutrons inside Electrons= orbit around the nucleus at great speeds; have almost no mass # Protons= # Electrons Atomic number= # protons

Periodic Table Organization Element Name Atomic Number (# of protons/ electrons) Element Symbol Atomic Mass (protons + neutrons)

Periodic Table Organization Family/ Groups = Columns Period = Rows

Family/ Groups All elements in the same family/column have the same number of valence electrons (number of electrons on the outside shell).

Periods All elements in the same period/row have the same number of electron shells.

Metals (shaded yellow) The periodic table is made up of mainly metals. Transition Metals (outlined in red) do not follow the same “rules” so we do not consider them in this class.

Coloring the Periodic Table Color code your periodic table: Metals = yellow Metalloids = green Gas = blue