Foundation Documents: ▪Magna Carta ▪Mayflower Compact ▪English bill of rights ▪Paine’s Common Sense

Florida SS.7.C.1.2: Trace the impact that the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, Mayflower Compact, and Thomas Paine’s “Common Sense” had on colonists’ views of government. California: 7.11.6. Discuss how the principles in the Magna Carta were embodied in such documents as the English Bill of Rights and the American Declaration of Independence. Texas STAAR: 8.3.15: identify the influence of ideas from historic documents, including the Magna Carta, the English Bill of Rights, the Mayflower Compact, the Federalist Papers, and selected Anti-Federalist writings, on the U.S. system of government

Life in Colonial America 1600s - 1776 2 3 6 Look at these pictures. With your partner, describe each picture. 5

What’s the big idea? Rule of Law Self Government Due Process All people must follow the laws, and the laws should be enforced fairly. Self Government People can make decisions on how their government should work. Due Process People have the right to fair and reasonable laws. Officials have to follow rules when enforcing laws and need to treat all people in the same way. Limited Government A government that has been limited in power by a constitution, or written agreement. Rights A set of things that people believe they should be free to do without restrictions.

Mayflower Compact The Mayflower Compact was an agreement among individuals that created a government that would provide order and protect the rights of the colonists. It was written by a group of English Pilgrims as they traveled to Massachusetts in 1620. Big Ideas: Self Government Rule of Law Mayflower Compact Magna Carta

English Bill of Rights The English Bill of Rights was a government document that expanded the powers of the English Parliament and expanded the rights of the people, as well as further limited the rights of the king. It was written by the members of the English Parliament in 1689. Big Ideas: Limited Government Rights Due Process Rule of Law English Bill of Rights Magna Carta Mayflower Compact

Common Sense Common Sense was a pamphlet written to convince the American colonists to support becoming independent from England. It was written by a colonial journalist and circulated in 1776. Big Ideas: Self Government Rights English Bill of Rights Cato’s Letters Common Sense Magna Carta Mayflower Compact

We are a new country! Now what?

Thomas Paine’s Common Sense (1776) Purpose of Government Core Themes and Influences Example Placed the blame for the tyranny over the British colonists on King George III Challenged the authority of the British government and the royal monarchy Published anonymously, the document advocated that the colonists declare their independence from the British crown Advocated a movement for sovereignty of the people, a written constitution, and effective governmental checks and balances “That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness.” (Declaration of Independence Preamble; excerpt, see Benchmark 1.4)

Constitutional Convention

The Magna Carta – 1215 A.D. (C.E.)

Magna Carta – 1215 A. D.

Magna Carta – 1215 A.D. – Trial by Jury

Magna Carta: Parliament

Magna Carta: Parliament

Magna Carta - Taxes

Magna Carta Review:

Mayflower Compact - 1620

Mayflower Compact - 1620

Mayflower Compact – 1620 – Self-Government

Mayflower Compact – Rule of Law / Social Contract

Mayflower Compact – Rule of Law

Mayflower Compact – Social Contract / Consent of the Governed

Mayflower Compact – Review

English Bill of Rights - 1689

English Bill of Rights - 1689

English Bill of Rights - 1689

English Bill of Rights - Review

Thomas Paine – Common Sense

Thomas Paine – Common Sense

Foundation Documents Review This document signed by King John in 1215 A.D. limited executive power? The Magna Carta

Foundation Documents Review The Magna Carta stated there would be no punishment without the “lawful judgement of his peers.” What right did this establish? Trial by jury

Foundation Documents Review What concepts can be found in the Magna Carta? Trial by jury, no taxation without consent, limited power, the need for legislatures

Foundation Documents Review This document was signed by the Pilgrims establishing a “body politic”? Mayflower Compact

Foundation Documents Review By signing the Mayflower Compact and agreeing to give power to a governing body, the signers demonstrated these two concepts of democracy? Social Contract / Consent of the Governed

Foundation Documents Review By creating the Mayflower Compact the signers announced that this would be a land governed by the American people. What is this called? Self-Government

Foundation Documents Review What is called when a land is ruled by a system of laws and not a “ruling class”? The Rule of Law

Foundation Documents Review This document signed in 1689 further limited the power of the executive (king) giving powers and rights to other branches and the people? The English Bill of Rights

Foundation Documents Review What are some rights and limits on power found in the English Bill of Rights? Legislative bodies create taxes not executives, right to petition the government (free speech), no cruel and unusual punishment, and others

Foundation Documents Review What U.S. document was inspired by the English Bill of Rights? The U.S. Bill of Rights

Foundation Documents Review This pamphlet and author inspired the Declaration of Independence? Thomas Paine’s Common Sense