TRANSLATION NOTES.

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TRANSLATION NOTES

“3 letter words that code for amino acids” How to crack the code… 3 digit code (triplets) “3 letter words that code for amino acids”

Base Pairing mRNA – codon tRNA – anticodon mRNA AUG CCU CAU AUC AUU tRNA UAC GGA GUA UAG UAA

tRNA Structure

Amino Acid Codon Chart

mRNA AUG CCU CAU AUC UAA tRNA UAC GGA GUA UAG AUU Amino Acid Met Pro His Iso stop

3 Steps of Translation making proteins 1. Initiation 2. Elongation 3 3 Steps of Translation making proteins 1. Initiation 2. Elongation 3. Termination

Step 1: Initiation Ribosome attaches to the mRNA b) Start codon is always AUG

Step 2: Elongation a) tRNA anticodon matches with codon on mRNA b) Peptide bonds are formed between the amino acids

Elongation (continued) c) A.A. released from tRNA d) Ribosome moves down the mRNA and continues adding A.A.

Step 3: Termination The ribosome reaches one of three stop codons (UAA, UAG, UGA) b) The mRNA and protein (polypeptide chain) released