Mary I Of ENGLAND Jojo Chu

You may know her as…… BLOODY MARY The first queen in England The predecessor of Elizabeth I The first daughter of Henry VIII Mary Tunor 2/18/1516 – 11/17/1558 Only 42 yrs 1553 — 1558 5 yrs

Family Background Mary’s family was noble and knowledgeable. As for the first kid of Henry VIII, it seemed happy being with parents who doted her that much at the beginning of her life..

Parents of Mary I Mom: Catherine of aragon Dad: Henry VIII Catherine was the youngest daughter of those great Spanish monarchs, Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile, the‘Catholic Kings’ who united Spain geographically and spiritually. Parents of Mary I Dad: Henry VIII Henry VIII was King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death. Henry was the second Tudor monarch, succeeding his father, Henry VII. Henry is best known for his six marriages

Education Mary Tudor’s education was super good. Educated by an English tutor with written instructions from the Spanish humanist Juan Luis Vives, she did very well on Latin, and she was a good musician, like her father. Education

Early life The misfortune of the early years leads to her personality of cruel and suspicious

When Mary was in a very young age, she was very weak and frail When Mary was in a very young age, she was very weak and frail. She had eye-disease, and she always had problems with her sinuses. She was worried about her headaches all the time.

Parents’ Divorce & Henry VIII’s Next Marriages Henry always wanted to have a son Henry declaimed his marriage with Catherine Catherine didn’t want to agree because of Mary Henry: Catharine had been briefly married to his brother. Parents’ Divorce & Henry VIII’s Next Marriages

Catharine: the Pope had granted a dispensation Result: they divorced Henry met Anne Boleyn Henry fell in love with her, but she wanted to marry another man Henry stopped the match and kind of forced Anne to marry him The hatred of Anne started to form inside Mary Hatred of Elizabeth I The 2 lines were not happening according to the time. They might have overlapped each other.

Young Elizabeth I Anne Boleyn

Conflict with Anne the second misfortune Anne doesn’t like Mary either Anne Boleyn was afraid that Mary would inherit She made Parliament to declare Mary illegitimate. She made Mary became a servant of Elizabeth I. Conflict with Anne the second misfortune

1 After Anne fall from grace, Henry offered to pardon Mary and restore her to favor but only if Mary acknowledged him as head of the Church of England and admitted the‘incestuous illegality’of his marriage to Catherine. To Mary’s credit, she refused to do so until her cousin, Charles V, persuaded her otherwise. Enthroning

Edward VI became the king of England after Henry VIII died in 1547. However, he died of disease when he was 15. He was afraid Mary would inherit and convert England back to Catholicism from the religion her father ruled, so he delisted Mary, and he had to delist Elizabeth I’s, too. Then Lady Jane Grey enthroned. However, people who supported Mary were far away more than those who supported Lady Jane Grey (part of reasons was people took sympathy on her for losing her mother) As a result, Jane Grey was forced to abandon the throne, and Mary enthroned then. 2 Enthroning

When Mary was ruling the country Accession When Mary was ruling the country as the queen of England Since 1553 (Mary:37)

After Mary became the queen, before she chose to do retaliation to some people, she released the Roman Catholic Duke of Norfolk and Stephen Gardiner from imprisonment in the Tower of London, as well as her kinsman Edward Courtenay. Retaliation

Mary knew that Lady Jane Grey was just a pawn of her husband, Lord Guildford Dudley, and Dudley was the only conspirator executed for high treason in the immediate aftermath of the coup. She put them into the Tower of London first. Then, after Mary was crowned, Thomas Wyatt led a force to depose Mary in favor of Elizabeth, as part of a wider conspiracy now known as Wyatt's rebellion, and Jane Grey’s father involved in it.

As a result of it, Jane Grey’s husband, father, and herself were executed.

As for Elizabeth, she imprisoned her in the Tower of London for months (also because Thomas Wyatt led a force to depose Mary in favor of Elizabeth ) until later, when Philip II, who was Mary’s husband persuaded Mary to set her free.

Mary was not quite pretty or attractive, and she’s kind of old at that time, too. So she wanted to find somebody to marry and had a son to enthrone. Marriage

It said that Mary fell in love with Philip II when she first saw his picture. Then, Philip II agreed the marriage pretty soon because of political and diplomatic needs.

However, their marriage was not appreciated by most of English people because Philip II was a prince of Spain, and some of them think England will lose the dependency because of it. Philip II became the king of England from now on, but he couldn’t help Charles V if there’s conflict between Spain and England according to the engagement. In 1556, Charles V died, and Philip II became the king of Spain. Mary became the queen of Spain.

Mary wanted to have a son to throne, but she couldn’t get a son Mary wanted to have a son to throne, but she couldn’t get a son. What’s more, she got fake pregnancies for twice. That made Mary feel bad and embarrassed. However, after Mary got fake pregnancies, Philip II left her to command the war with French.

Domestic policy —Religion She did a cruel but great job to convert England back to Catholicism from the religion her father ruled. She replaced many of Henry VIII’s religious edicts with her own, including a strict heresy law, and it resulted in the burning of over 300 Protestants as heretics. Also, because of that, she was named Bloody Mary. Domestic policy —Religion

She got the permission of the European pope being the official queen of Ireland. Philip II asked Mary to support Spain during the war between Spain and French. Although the French trade to England would be jeopardized, she agreed it anyway. As the bad result of it, England lost its only occupied land, Calais. Foreign Policy

Death In 11.17.1558, she died at the age of 42 because of disease. It is said that bell in London made sounds of joy when she died because of the illness. Death

My Comment Tragedy life Enormous hatred Her life was a tragedy, how she was like, vicious and cruel, when she was a queen was caused by the shadow of her childhood and early life. My Comment When she was young, she couldn’t go to her mother’s funeral because of the new religion that Henry VIII ruled. Many other things plus these formed Mary’s hatred to new religion. Also, the oppression from her father, Anne Boleyn and other royal numbers. Enormous hatred

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