Roman Culture Life in Ancient Rome The Romans admired the Greeks and copied some of their ideas, though they often changed what they borrowed. Roman statues and art portrayed people with flaws, whereas Greek art and statues portrayed ideal people. Romans incorporated Greek ideas in their architecture, such as columns and porches. (pages 303–305)

Roman Culture (cont.) Life in Ancient Rome They also used their own ideas, such as arches, domes, and vaults, which are curved ceilings. Two famous buildings still stand today: the Colosseum, which is a large arena, and the Pantheon, which is a temple built in honor of Rome’s gods. (pages 303–305)

Roman Culture (cont.) Life in Ancient Rome The Roman writer Virgil wrote the Aeneid, which tells the story of the Trojan prince Aeneas and his followers. The poet Horace wrote satires, which are works that poke fun at human weaknesses, and odes, which express strong emotions about life. The writers Ovid and Catullus were inspired by Greek writing and myths. (pages 303–305)

Roman Culture (cont.) Life in Ancient Rome Livy, one of Rome’s most famous historians, wrote the History of Rome. Many modern European languages spoken today are based on Latin, the language of Rome. The Greek doctor Galen brought Greek medical ideas to Rome. (pages 303–305)

Roman Culture (cont.) Life in Ancient Rome Ptolemy was a famous scientist who studied and mapped the stars. Engineers created an advanced road system and aqueducts that provided water. (pages 303–305)

Life in Ancient Rome How did the historians Livy and Tacitus differ? Livy celebrated Rome’s greatness. Tacitus did not regard Roman culture positively. He felt the Romans were losing the values that made them strong and that the emperors had taken people’s freedom.

Daily Life in Rome Life in Ancient Rome Rome was one of the largest cities in the ancient world. The Forum was in the center of Rome and served as a marketplace and public square. Wealthy Romans lived in large, fine homes. Poorer people lived in apartment buildings of stone and wood. (pages 306–310)

Daily Life in Rome (cont.) Life in Ancient Rome Daily Life in Rome (cont.) Because of high rent, most people could not afford large homes. The government provided free grain and sporting shows, such as chariot races and gladiator contests. Gladiators were men who fought animals and each other. Roman families were large, including young and married children, other relatives, and enslaved servants. (pages 306–310)

Daily Life in Rome (cont.) Life in Ancient Rome Daily Life in Rome (cont.) The paterfamilias was the man who headed the family. Wealthy children—boys and girls—received an education through hired tutors. Some boys went to school. A boy became a man between ages 14 and 16 years. (pages 306–310)

Daily Life in Rome (cont.) Life in Ancient Rome Daily Life in Rome (cont.) Girls became adults when they married. Women had few rights but were influential in the family. (pages 306–310)

Daily Life in Rome (cont.) Life in Ancient Rome Daily Life in Rome (cont.) Wealthy women had more freedom than poor women. Slaves were not uncommon in the Roman Empire. Slaves suffered many hardships and were treated poorly. Sometimes slaves revolted against the Romans. (pages 306–310)

Daily Life in Rome (cont.) Life in Ancient Rome Daily Life in Rome (cont.) Spartacus was a gladiator who led a slave revolt. Romans worshipped many gods and goddesses. As the Roman Empire grew, the Romans conquered people of other religions. They were allowed to worship freely as long as they did not threaten the Roman government. (pages 306–310)

Life in Ancient Rome How did the population of slaves grow during the time of the Roman Empire? As Rome took over more lands, they captured and enslaved more people.

Life in Ancient Rome What were some of Ptolemy’s scientific achievements? He mapped more than 1,000 stars and studied the motions of the planets.

Life in Ancient Rome How were the Roman and Greek religions similar? The Romans adopted Greek gods and gave them Roman names.

Life in Ancient Rome Analyze Explain the importance of the language of the Romans. Answers should be based on the text.

Life in Ancient Rome Describe Describe the education of Roman children. Boys in rich families learned reading, writing, and rhetoric. Girls stayed at home to learn reading, writing, and how to manage households.

Life in Ancient Rome Conclude The Romans borrowed ideas from other people. Do you think our culture today borrows ideas from other peoples? Explain your answer. Answers will vary.

Life in Ancient Rome Make a list using the following headings. List several facts under each one to summarize the chapter. The Arts Science and Engineering Family Life Slavery Religion