Do Now What is the difference between male and female sexual reproduction?

15 The Male and Female Reproductive Systems Lesson 15.1: Reproduction and Development of the Human Reproductive Systems Lesson 15.2: Male Reproductive System Anatomy and Physiology Lesson 15.3: Female Reproductive System Anatomy and Physiology Lesson 15.4: Fertilization, Pregnancy, and Birth Lesson 15.5: Disorders and Diseases of the Reproductive System

Reproduction and Development of the Human Reproductive Systems Chapter 15: The Male and Female Reproductive Systems Lesson 15.1 Reproduction and Development of the Human Reproductive Systems

Vocabulary Centromere Chromatids Chromosomes Crossovers Diploid Haploid Fertilization FSH LH Gametes Meiosis Mitosis Menarche zygote

Reproduction and Development of the Human Reproductive Systems mitosis versus meiosis development and puberty

Reproduction chromosomes asexual reproduction sexual reproduction made of DNA, contain genes asexual reproduction offspring are a clone of parent sexual reproduction a gamete from each parent combine to make a zygote (genetically unique individual)

Mitosis versus Meiosis

Mitosis versus Meiosis one cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells homologous chromosomes chromosomes duplicate in interphase stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase result two cells, each with 46 chromosomes identical to the mother cell chromosome number diploid–two copies of each chromosome normal body cells are diploid

Mitosis versus Meiosis

Mitosis versus Meiosis

Mitosis versus Meiosis

Mitosis versus Meiosis produces gametes, or sex cells stages meiosis I–homologous chromosomes separate meiosis II–sister chromatids separate Result haploid–one version of each chromosome four haploid cells with 23 chromosomes each

Review Is genetic diversity possible in asexual reproduction? Name an advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction. How is a gamete different from normal human cells in the body? What is the end result of mitosis? Is a haploid cell associated with mitosis or meiosis? What is the end result of meiosis?

Embryonic and Fetal Development if SRY gene is present (sex-determining region y) 7th week of development male sex organs begin development Testes secrete testosterone if SRY gene is not present 8th week of development female sex organs begin development After birth, hormone levels decline rapidly FSH/LH (follicle-stimulating/ hormone luteinizing hormone) Reproductive organs remain nonfunctional

Puberty Stages of Life Final maturation of the reproductive system Infancy (0-1), toddlerhood (1-3), early childhood (3-5), middle childhood (6-10), adolescence (11-19), early adulthood (20-39), middle adulthood (40-65), older adulthood (66>) Final maturation of the reproductive system Begins between 8-13 yrs female, 9-14 yrs males Stimulus release of GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) Causes pituitary gland in the brain to produce FSH and LH Testosterone/estrogen then produced

Puberty Adolescence-development of secondary sexual characteristics females 1st phase-breast growth Axillary/pubic hair Pelvis width Menarche 2 yrs later Males 1st phase-growth of scrotum and testes Size of larynx and length of vocal cords By the end, mature sperm present

Review Is the SRY gene associated with the development of males or females? Elevated levels of which hormone initiate puberty: LH, FSH, or GnRH? Name at least one secondary sex characteristic shared by males AND females. Summarize the human growth and development cycle.

Independent Practice-30 mins Lesson 15.1 Questions 1-12

Do Now Match these words with 1–4 below: male, chromosomes, meiosis, puberty. 1. maturation of the reproductive system 2. if SRY gene is present 3. made of DNA, contain genes 4. gamete production

Male Reproductive System Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 15: The Male and Female Reproductive Systems Lesson 15.2 Male Reproductive System Anatomy and Physiology

Vocabulary Bulbourethral glands Ductus deferens ejaculation Erection Gonads Penis Prostate gland Semen Seminal vesicles Seminiferous tubules sperm

Male Reproductive Anatomy

Male Reproductive Anatomy scrotum and testes sperm produced in testes sperm mature in epididymis penis delivers sperm to female contains erectile tissue

Male Reproductive Anatomy ducts of the male reproductive system ductus deferens ejaculatory duct accessory glands and semen seminal glands prostate gland bulbourethral glands

Male Reproductive Physiology sperm formation spermatogenesis begins at puberty sexual response erection ejaculation

Review and Assessment Fill in the blanks with: epididymis, spermatogenesis, testes, or penis. 1. Sperm formation is _______________. 2. The _______________ delivers sperm to the female. 3. Sperm mature in the _______________. 4. Sperm is produced in the _______________.

Female Reproductive System Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 15: The Male and Female Reproductive Systems Lesson 15.3 Female Reproductive System Anatomy and Physiology

Female Reproductive System Anatomy

Female Reproductive System Anatomy the ovaries oocyte egg cell ovulation release of egg from the ovary

Female Reproductive System Anatomy ducts of the female reproductive system uterine tubes connect ovary to uterus uterus–womb endometrium cervix

Female Reproductive System Anatomy vagina birth canal external genitalia labia–majora and minora clitoris mammary glands lactation

Oogenesis oocyte production process begins before birth primary oocyte secondary oocyte polar bodies

The Female Sexual Cycle also known as the menstrual cycle ovarian cycle maturation and release of oocyte the uterine cycle uterus readies for implantation

The Ovarian Cycle the follicular phase the luteal phase dominant primary follicle pituitary gland releases FSH and LH ovulation the luteal phase corpus luteum

The Uterine Cycle the menstrual phase the proliferative phase endometrium breaks down and sheds the proliferative phase endometrium grows back the secretory phase endometrium prepares to nourish embryo

Female Sexual Response stimulation tactile psychological orgasm

Review and Assessment True or False? 1. The vagina is the birth canal. 2. Oogenesis makes sperm. 3. The ovary is also called the womb. 4. Oogenesis begins before birth. 5. Ovulation is release of sperm from the ovary.

Fertilization, Pregnancy, and Birth Chapter 15: The Male and Female Reproductive Systems Lesson 15.4 Fertilization, Pregnancy, and Birth

Fertilization, Pregnancy, and Birth fertilization of the oocyte pregnancy childbirth lactation

Fertilization of the Oocyte the journey of the sperm vagina, uterus, uterine tube capacitation takes up to 10 hours sperm penetration zona pellucida acrosomal enzymes

Fertilization of the Oocyte protection against polyspermy only one sperm is required for fertilization more than one sperm causes death of oocyte chemistry of the zona pellucida changes after sperm entry completion of meiosis and fertilization sperm entry causes completion of meiosis Nejron Photo/Shutterstock.com

Pregnancy lasts approximately 265 days from fertilization to implantation development of the placenta, embryo, and fetus

From Fertilization to Implantation cell stages zygote morula blastocyst implantation blastocyst binds to endometrium

From Fertilization to Implantation

Development of Placenta, Embryo, and Fetus after implantation to 8 weeks placenta organ that supplies nutrients to embryo and fetus fetus after 8 weeks of development

Childbirth parturition oxytocin stages of labor birth dilation expulsion delivery of placenta

Lactation production of breast milk activation of milk-producing cells prolactin delivery of milk through ducts to the nipple oxytocin

Review and Assessment Match these words with 1–4 below: dilation, prolactin, implantation, birth. 1. activation of milk producing cells 2. parturition 3. a stage of labor 4. blastocyst binds to endometrium

Disorders and Diseases of the Reproductive System Chapter 15: The Male and Female Reproductive Systems Lesson 15.5 Disorders and Diseases of the Reproductive System

Infertility male infertility female infertility low sperm count erectile dysfunction female infertility failure to ovulate inability of egg to reach uterine tube lack of implantation

Infertility treatment for infertility in vitro fertilization lifestyle changes drugs to induce ovulation surgery to correct anatomical issues in vitro fertilization oocyte and sperm combined outside mother’s body

Sexually Transmitted Diseases viral HIV and AIDS genital herpes human papillomavirus bacterial gonorrhea chlamydia pelvic inflammatory disease

Sexually Transmitted Diseases detection and prevention symptoms genital discharge, sores, rash, burning during urination, and growths prevention condom, abstinence

Cancers of the Reproductive System prostate cancer PSA test cancers of the female reproductive tract uterine cancer ovarian cancer cervical cancer breast cancer

Review and Assessment True or False? 1. Abstinence will prevent spread of STDs. 2. A virus causes AIDS. 3. A virus causes gonorrhea. 4. A bacterium causes genital herpes. 5. Genital discharge is a symptom of STDs.