Basics of Biblical Greek Chapter 8 - Prepositions & εjιμιv 9/17/2018

Overview Prepositions are words that define the relationship between two words; 9/17/2018

Overview Prepositions are words that define the relationship between two words; The word following the preposition is called the object of the preposition; 9/17/2018

Overview Prepositions are words that define the relationship between two words; The word following the preposition is called the object of the preposition; The meaning of prepositions change; 9/17/2018

Overview Prepositions are words that define the relationship between two words; The word following the preposition is called the object of the preposition; The meaning of prepositions change; Dependent clauses; 9/17/2018

Overview Prepositions are words that define the relationship between two words; The word following the preposition is called the object of the preposition; The meaning of prepositions change; Dependent clauses; ejιμιv and predicate nominative. 9/17/2018

Exegetical Insight 1 Corinthians 5:5 “hand this man over to Satan, so that the sinful nature may be destroyed and his spirit saved on the day of the Lord.” NIV 9/17/2018

Exegetical Insight 1 Corinthians 5:5 “hand this man over to Satan, so that the sinful nature may be destroyed and his spirit saved on the day of the Lord.” NIV  παραδοu:nαi τovn τοιοu:ton τw:/ σατανa:÷ εivV o[λεθρον τh:V σαρκός, i”na τo; πνεu:ma σωqh:÷ ejn τhv÷ hJmέra÷ τοu: κυρίου. 9/17/2018

5  You are to deliver such a one to Satan for the destruction of the flesh in order that the spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord. παραδοῦναι verb Act Inf Aor to deliver τὸν art A M S the τοιοῦτον pron such a one τῶ D σατανᾷ noun to Satan εἰς prep into, in ὄλεθρον ruin, destruction τῆς G F σαρκός, flesh ἵνα adverb in order that τὸ N/A N πνεῦμα spirit σωθῇ 3 Pas Subj may be saved ἐν in τῇ ἡμέρᾳ day τοῦ κυρίου. of Lord.

English - Prepositions Words that indicate the relationship between two words. 9/17/2018

English - Prepositions Words that indicate the relationship between two words. State or Motion. 9/17/2018

English - Prepositions Words that indicate the relationship between two words. State or Motion. “John came with his disciples.” 9/17/2018

English - Prepositions Words that indicate the relationship between two words. State or Motion. “John came with his disciples.” “The ball went over his head.” 9/17/2018

English - Prepositions Words that indicate the relationship between two words. State or Motion. “John came with his disciples.” “The ball went over his head.” “Her feet are on the chair.” 9/17/2018

English - Prepositions Words that indicate the relationship between two words. State or Motion. “John came with his disciples.” “The ball went over his head.” “Her feet are on the chair.” “Frank is in New York.” 9/17/2018

English - Prepositions The word that follows the preposition is the “object of the preposition”. 9/17/2018

English - Prepositions The word that follows the preposition is the “object of the preposition.” The object is always in the “objective” case. 9/17/2018

English - Prepositions The word that follows the preposition is the “object of the preposition”. The object is always in the “objective” case. The preposition and its object make up the “prepositional phrase.” 9/17/2018

English – Predicate Nominative “to be” – am, are, is (was, were, will be, had been, etc.) 9/17/2018

English – Predicate Nominative “to be” – am, are, is (was, were, will be, had been, etc.) What is normally considered the object is “predicating” something about the subject. 9/17/2018

English – Predicate Nominative “to be” – am, are, is (was, were, will be, had been, etc.) What is normally considered the object is ‘predicating’ something about the subject. The predicate nominative is normally in a subjective case. 9/17/2018

English – Predicate Nominative “to be” – am, are, is (was, were, will be, had been, etc.) What is normally considered the object is ‘predicating” something about the subject. The predicate nominative is normally in a subjective case. “The substitute teacher is I.” (not me.) 9/17/2018

Greek - Prepositions Greek Prepositions work the same way as English. 9/17/2018

Greek - Prepositions Greek Prepositions work the same way as English. Greek Prepositions change their meaning depending on the case of its object. 9/17/2018

Greek - Prepositions Greek Prepositions work the same way as English. Greek Prepositions change their meaning depending on the case of its object. Some Prepositions can be followed by three, two or only one case. 9/17/2018

Greek - Prepositions Greek Prepositions work the same way as English. Greek Prepositions change their meaning depending on the case of its object. Some Prepositions can be followed by three, two or only one case. Prepositions are almost never followed by a nominative. 9/17/2018

Greek - Prepositions Key Words: Genitive - ? 9/17/2018

Greek - Prepositions Key Words: Genitive – of Dative - ? 9/17/2018

Greek - Prepositions Key Words: Genitive – of Dative – in If the object of a preposition is in the dative or genitive case, do not use the key word. 9/17/2018

Greek - Prepositions oJ lovgoß tou: qeou: 9/17/2018

Greek - Prepositions oJ lovgoß tou: qeou: the word of God. oJ lovgoß ajpov qeou: 9/17/2018

Greek - Prepositions oJ lovgoß tou: qeou: the word of God. oJ lovgoß ajpov qeou: ajpov – “from”, only takes its object in the genitive. 9/17/2018

Greek - Prepositions oJ lovgoß tou: qeou: the word of God. oJ lovgoß ajpov qeou: ajpov – “from” only takes its object in the genitive. the word from God. 9/17/2018

Greek - Prepositions ejn τh:÷ hJmevra÷ tou: κυρίου. (1 Cor. 5:5) 9/17/2018

Greek - Prepositions ejn τh:÷ hJmevra÷ tou: κυρίου. (1 Cor. 5:5) ejn – “in”, object in the dative. 9/17/2018

Greek - Prepositions ejn τh:÷ hJmevra÷ tou: κυρίου. (1 Cor. 5:5) ejn – “in”, object in the dative. hJmevra –“day”, fem, dative. 9/17/2018

Greek - Prepositions ejn τh:÷ hJmevra÷ tou: κυρίου. (1 Cor. 5:5) ejn – “in”, object in the dative. hJmevra – “day”, fem, dative. tou: κυρίου – 9/17/2018

Greek - Prepositions ejn τh:÷ hJmevra÷ tou: κυρίου. (1 Cor. 5:5) ejn – “in”, object in the dative. hJmevra – “day”, fem, dative. tou: κυρίου – “of the Lord” 9/17/2018

Greek - Prepositions ejn τh:÷ hJmevra÷ tou: κυρίου. (1 Cor. 5:5) ejn – “in”, object in the dative. hJmevra – “day”, fem, dative. tou: κυρίου – “of the Lord” “in the day of the Lord.” 9/17/2018

Greek - Prepositions Prepositions are not inflected – they do not change with the case of the object. 9/17/2018

Greek - Prepositions Prepositions are not inflected – they do not change with the case of the object. The only time the form of a preposition changes is if the preposition ends in a vowel AND it’s object begins with a vowel. 9/17/2018

Greek - Prepositions Prepositions are not inflected – they do not change with the case of the object. The only time the form of a preposition changes is if the preposition ends in a vowel AND it’s object begins with a vowel. ‘elision’ – the final vowel is dropped and is marked with an apostrophe. 9/17/2018

Greek – Prepositions meta; aujtovn 9/17/2018

Greek – Prepositions meta; aujtovn meta; - “with” when object is genitive - “after” when object is accusative 9/17/2018

Greek – Prepositions meta; aujtovn meta; - “with” when object is genitive - “after” when object is accusative met jaujtovn 9/17/2018

Greek – Prepositions When the object begins with a rough breathing mark, the last consonant may also change. 9/17/2018

Greek – Prepositions meta; hJmw:n 9/17/2018

Greek – Prepositions meta; hJmw:n met j hJmw:n 9/17/2018

Greek – Prepositions meta; hJmw:n met j hJmw:n meq j hJmw:n 9/17/2018

Greek – Prepositions Flash Cards - “preposition with case” 9/17/2018

Greek – Prepositions Flash Cards - “preposition with case” - front = “uJpov, genitive” - back = “by” 9/17/2018

Greek – Prepositions Flash Cards - “preposition with case” - front = “uJpov, genitive” - back = “by” - “___ with the ___ means ___” 9/17/2018

Greek – Prepositions ajpov – gen:away, from diav – gen:through – acc:on account of ejk, – gen:from, out of eijß* – acc:into, in, among ejn* – dat:in, on, among metav – gen:with – acc:after parav – gen:from – dat:beside, in the presence of – acc:alongside of proß – acc:to, towards, with uJpov – gen:by – acc:under 9/17/2018

Preposition Graph – pp 60, 339

Preposition Graph from Greek Grammar, Beyond the Basics, Wallace

English – Dependent Clauses Dependent Clauses are… 9/17/2018

English – Dependent Clauses Dependent Clauses are a collection of words that cannot stand alone; it is “dependent” upon the rest of the sentence. 9/17/2018

English – Dependent Clauses Dependent Clauses are a collection of words that cannot stand alone; it is “dependent” upon the rest of the sentence. “When Frank gets back” 9/17/2018

English – Dependent Clauses Dependent Clauses are a collection of words that cannot stand alone; it is “dependent” upon the rest of the sentence. “When Frank gets back, you will learn Biblical Greek.” 9/17/2018

Greek – Dependent Clauses As you are looking for the main subject and verb in the sentence, you will never find them in a dependent clause. 9/17/2018

Greek – Dependent Clauses As you are looking for the main subject and verb in the sentence, you will never find them in a dependent clause. i”na - o”ti - 9/17/2018

Greek – Dependent Clauses As you are looking for the main subject and verb in the sentence, you will never find them in a dependent clause. i”na – “in order that, that” o”ti - “that, since, because” 9/17/2018

Greek – Dependent Clauses  i”na καqwς γέγραπται, oJ καυχώμενος eJn κυρίw÷ καυχάσqω. (1 Corinthians 1:31) 9/17/2018

Greek – Dependent Clauses  i”na καqwς γέγραπται, oJ καυχώμενος eJn κυρίw÷ καυχάσqω. (1 Corinthians 1:31) “so that, just as it is written, ‘Let him who boasts, boast in the Lord.’” (NASB) 9/17/2018

Greek – Dependent Clauses  i”na καqwς γέγραπται, oJ καυχώμενος eJn κυρίw÷ καυχάσqω. (1 Corinthians 1:31) But by His doing you are in Christ Jesus, who became to us wisdom from God, and righteousness and sanctification, and redemption, (31)so that, just as it is written, ‘Let him who boasts, boast in the Lord.’”(1 Corinthians 1:30-31, NASB) 9/17/2018

Greek – Your first verb 9/17/2018

Greek – Your first verb eijmiv 9/17/2018

Greek – Your first verb eijmiv 9/17/2018

Greek – Your first verb eijmiv The most common verb used in Koine Greek. 9/17/2018

Greek – Your first verb eijmiv The most common verb used in Koine Greek. Most Greek verbs do not look like this, however… 9/17/2018

Greek – Your first verb eijmiv The most common verb used in Koine Greek. Most Greek verbs do not look like this, however… All verbs have a stem and use personal endings to differentiate persons and number. 9/17/2018

Greek Verb Paradigm 9/17/2018

Greek Verb Paradigm 1st sg 2nd sg 3rd sg 1st pl 2nd pl 3rd pl 9/17/2018

Greek Verb Paradigm 1st sg eijmiv 2nd sg 3rd sg 1st pl 2nd pl 3rd pl 9/17/2018

Greek Verb Paradigm 1st sg eijmiv “I am” 2nd sg 3rd sg 1st pl 2nd pl 3rd pl 9/17/2018

Greek Verb Paradigm 1st sg eijmiv “I am” 2nd sg ei\ 3rd sg 1st pl 2nd pl 3rd pl 9/17/2018

Greek Verb Paradigm 1st sg eijmiv “I am” 2nd sg ei\ “You are” 3rd sg 1st pl 2nd pl 3rd pl 9/17/2018

Greek Verb Paradigm 1st sg eijmiv “I am” 2nd sg ei\ “You are” 3rd sg ejstiv(n)* * “movable nu” the nu is added when the proceeding word begins with a vowel. 9/17/2018

Greek Verb Paradigm 1st sg eijmiv “I am” 2nd sg ei\ “You are” 3rd sg ejstivn 1st pl 2nd pl 3rd pl 9/17/2018

Greek Verb Paradigm 1st sg eijmiv “I am” 2nd sg ei\ “You are” 3rd sg ejstivn “He, she, it is” 1st pl 2nd pl 3rd pl 9/17/2018

Greek Verb Paradigm 1st sg eijmiv “I am” 2nd sg ei\ “You are” 3rd sg ejstivn “He, she, it is” 1st pl ejsmevn 2nd pl ejstev 3rd pl eijsivn 9/17/2018

Greek Verb Paradigm 1st sg eijmiv “I am” 2nd sg ei\ “You are” 3rd sg ejstivn “He, she, it is” 1st pl ejsmevn “We are” 2nd pl ejstev “You all are” 3rd pl eijsivn “They are” 9/17/2018

You Should Memorize This! 1st sg eijmiv “I am” 2nd sg ei\ “You are” 3rd sg ejstivn “He, she, it is” 1st pl ejsmevn “We are” 2nd pl ejstev “You all are” 3rd pl eijsivn “They are” 9/17/2018

Greek – Your first verb The verb eijmiv occurs 2,460 times in the Greek New Testament in various forms. 9/17/2018

Greek – Your first verb The verb eijmiv occurs 2,460 times in the Greek New Testament in various forms. Besides the present tense, the past tense form (3rd person singular imperfect) is one of the more common. 9/17/2018

Greek – Your first verb The verb eijmiv occurs 2,460 times in the Greek New Testament in various forms. Besides the present tense, the past tense form (3rd person singular imperfect) is one of the more common. h\n 9/17/2018

Greek – Your first verb The verb eijmiv occurs 2,460 times in the Greek New Testament in various forms. Besides the present tense, the past tense form (3rd person singular imperfect) is one of the more common. h\n – “he, she, it was” 9/17/2018

Greek – Your first verb The verb eijmiv occurs 2,460 times in the Greek New Testament in various forms. Besides the present tense, the past tense form (3rd person singular imperfect) is one of the more common. h\n – “he, she, it was” Do not confuse with h”n, the acc, fem, reflexive pronoun meaning “whom” 9/17/2018

Predicate Nominative When a noun follows eijmiv, it is not receiving the action of the verb; it is telling you something about the subject. 9/17/2018

Predicate Nominative When a noun follows eijmiv, it is not receiving the action of the verb; it is telling you something about the subject. qeo;V ejstin kuvrioV. 9/17/2018

Predicate Nominative When a noun follows eijmiv, it is not receiving the action of the verb; it is telling you something about the subject. qeo;V ejstin kuvrioV. God is Lord. 9/17/2018

Predicate Nominative When a noun follows eijmiv, it is not receiving the action of the verb; it is telling you something about the subject. qeo;V ejstin kuvrioV. God is Lord. Ijhsou:V ejstin oJ cristoV, (John 20:31) 9/17/2018

Predicate Nominative When a noun follows eijmiv, it is not receiving the action of the verb; it is telling you something about the subject. qeo;V ejstin kuvrioV. God is Lord. Ijhsou:V ejstin oJ cristoV, (John 20:31) Jesus is the Christ. 9/17/2018

Predicative Nominative Context will make clear which is the subject and which is the predicate. 9/17/2018

Predicative Nominative Context will make clear which is the subject and which is the predicate. qeo;V ejstivn ajgavph (1 John 4:8) 9/17/2018

Predicative Nominative Context will make clear which is the subject and which is the predicate. qeo;V ejstivn ajgavph (1 John 4:8) “God is love.” 9/17/2018

Predicative Nominative Context will make clear which is the subject and which is the predicate. qeo;V ejstivn ajgavph (1 John 4:8) “God is love.” NOT “love is God.” 9/17/2018

Greek - Translation Separate the prepositional phrases or the dependent clauses as a distinct group to determine what the preposition modifies. 9/17/2018

Greek - Translation Separate the prepositional phrases or the dependent clauses as a distinct group to determine what the preposition modifies. oJ lovgoV e[rcatai eijV kovsmon. 9/17/2018

Greek - Translation Separate the prepositional phrases or the dependent clauses as a distinct group to determine what the preposition modifies. oJ lovgoV / e[rcatai / eijV kovsmon. 9/17/2018

Greek - Translation Separate the prepositional phrases or the dependent clauses as a distinct group to determine what the preposition modifies. oJ lovgoV / e[rcatai / eijV kovsmon. The word / is going / into world. 9/17/2018

Greek - Translation Separate the prepositional phrases or the dependent clauses as a distinct group to determine what the preposition modifies. oJ lovgoV / e[rcatai / eijV kovsmon. The word / is going / into world. The article is dropped in a prepositional phrase. The context will indicate if it needs to be added. 9/17/2018

Greek - Translation Separate the prepositional phrases or the dependent clauses as a distinct group to determine what the preposition modifies. oJ lovgoV / e[rcatai / eijV kovsmon. The word / is going / into the world. The article is dropped in a prepositional phrase. The context will indicate if it needs to be added. 9/17/2018

Summary The word following the preposition is the object of the preposition, and the preposition and its object and modifiers form a prepositional phrase. 9/17/2018

Summary The word following the preposition is the object of the preposition, and the preposition and its object and modifiers form a prepositional phrase. The meaning of a preposition is determined by the case of the object. Always memorize the prepositions with their cases. 9/17/2018

Summary The word following the preposition is the object of the preposition, and the preposition and its object and modifiers form a prepositional phrase. The meaning of a preposition is determined by the case of the object. Always memorize the prepositions with their cases. Do not use the key words when translating the object of a preposition. 9/17/2018

Summary The word following the preposition is the object of the preposition, and the preposition and its object and modifiers form a prepositional phrase. The meaning of a preposition is determined by the case of the object. Always memorize the prepositions with their cases. Do not use the key words when translating the object of a preposition. Prepositions are not inflected, but their endings can change depending on the following word (elision). 9/17/2018

Summary A dependent clause cannot contain the main subject and verb in a sentence. 9/17/2018

Summary A dependent clause cannot contain the main subject and verb in a sentence. MEMORIZE eijmiv. “It is always followed by a predicate nominative.” 9/17/2018

Summary A dependent clause cannot contain the main subject and verb in a sentence. MEMORIZE eijmiv. “It is always followed by a predicate nominative.” The article is often omitted from Greek prepositional phrases. You can supply it if the context requires it. 9/17/2018

Next Week 9/17/2018

Next Week Chapter 9 – Adjectives 9/17/2018

Next Week Chapter 9 – Adjectives And most importantly… 9/17/2018

Next Week Chapter 9 – Adjectives And most importantly… Frank will be back! 9/17/2018