Point to Point Data Link Control

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Presentation transcript:

Point to Point Data Link Control one sender, one receiver, one link: easier than broadcast link: no Media Access Control no need for explicit MAC addressing e.g., dialup link, ISDN line popular point-to-point DLC protocols: PPP (point-to-point protocol) HDLC: High level data link control (Data link used to be considered “high layer” in protocol stack!

PPP Design Requirements [RFC 1557] packet framing: encapsulation of network-layer datagram in data link frame carry network layer data of any network layer protocol (not just IP) at same time ability to demultiplex upwards bit transparency: must carry any bit pattern in the data field error detection (no correction) connection livenes: detect, signal link failure to network layer network layer address negotiation: endpoint can learn/configure each other’s network address

PPP non-requirements Error recovery, flow control, data re-ordering no error correction/recovery no flow control out of order delivery OK no need to support multipoint links (e.g., polling) Error recovery, flow control, data re-ordering all relegated to higher layers!|

PPP Data Frame Flag: delimiter (framing) Address: does nothing (only one option) Control: does nothing; in the future possible multiple control fields Protocol: upper layer protocol to which frame delivered (eg, PPP-LCP, IP, IPCP, etc)

PPP Data Frame info: upper layer data being carried check: cyclic redundancy check for error detection

Byte Stuffing “data transparency” requirement: data field must be allowed to include flag pattern <01111110> Q: is received <01111110> data or flag? Sender: adds (“stuffs”) extra < 01111101> byte after each < 01111110> data byte Receiver: two 01111110 bytes in a row: discard first byte, continue data reception single 01111110: flag byte

Byte Stuffing flag byte pattern in data to send flag byte pattern plus stuffed byte in transmitted data

PPP Data Control Protocol Before exchanging network-layer data, data link peers must configure PPP link (max. frame length, authentication) learn/configure network layer information for IP: carry IP Control Protocol (IPCP) msgs (protocol field: 8021) to configure/learn IP address