Imperialism.

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Presentation transcript:

Imperialism

What is Imperialism? Imperialism: The policy in which nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker territories.

Why and what? Manifest Destiny: American belief that we were destined by God to expand from the east coast to the west coast. Imperialism: Policy in which stronger nations extend their economic policies to weaker ones. How? Bullying techniques. U.S. Imperialism: “Americanizing” and “civilizing” the territories we acquire. Democracy, Christianity, English language, and modernization.

4 Factors that drove Americans to Imperialism 1. Economic Competition among industrial nations. 2. Political and Military Competition 3. Belief in the Racial and Cultural superiority of Anglo-Saxons (Caucasians) 4. Manifest Destiny: Belief that the U.S. is destined by God for greatness.

Admiral Alfred T. Mahan Sir Alfred Mahan President of the Naval War College He was a professor at the United States Military Academy President of the Naval War College in Newport, Rhode Island. Wrote a book called “The Influence of Sea Power Upon History. Encouraged the U.S. to modernize and increase the size of its navy in order to become a world power.

The Influence of Sea Power Upon History 1660-1783, Urges U.S. to: Build a strong navy to defend peacetime shipping lanes. Acquire strategically located bases where U.S. fleets could refuel. Develop a modern fleet. Establish Naval Base in the Caribbean. Acquire Hawaii and other Pacific Islands. Build a Canal in Panama.

The “Great White Fleet” In response to Mahan the U.S. builds 9 new steel cruisers between 1883-1890. The U.S. Navy, became 5th in the world in naval power by 1898, by 1900 they were 3rd in the world.

Justification for Racism *Social Darwinism (Herbert Spencer): Applied Charles Darwin’s “survival of the fittest” theory to the societies in the world. Human progress resulted from the triumph of advanced cultures over their inferior competitors. *Studied and evaluated every civilization based upon: Wealth + Power = Greatness *Result=Anglo Saxons are the best and need to civilize the world. *Hierarchy of Races: “The Negro was at the foot of the Mongol, the Yellow Race between and Caucasians at the top. There’s a small gap between Primitives Races and the Gorilla.” (Robert Chambers)

Hierarchy of Races Whites: Caucasian Yellow: Asian Mongol: Eurasia Negro

Where should the U.S. expand? Non-white countries that will benefit us economically and militarily. “Inferior peoples.” Hawaii, Cuba, Philippines, Puerto Rico, China, Guam, Panama, Nicaragua, and Mexico.